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| -rw-r--r-- | content/background.tex | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | sources/dt_features_comparison.tex | 29 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | style/style.tex | 4 |
3 files changed, 16 insertions, 19 deletions
diff --git a/content/background.tex b/content/background.tex index 4884995..03f06cb 100644 --- a/content/background.tex +++ b/content/background.tex @@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ As a result, digital twins have become more relevant today than 10 years ago~\ci \begin{figure} \centering \includegraphics[width=0.95\linewidth]{images/five_dimensional_dt.pdf} - \caption{A basic framework for the \gls{dt}. Four core elements of a \gls{dt} are defined: The physical entity \one and the simulated virtual twin \two. A service for out-of-band data analytics \three and a persistent storage of historical data \four are crucial to the \gls{dt} because they are necessary to gain meaningful monitoring insights. Adapted from Tao \etal ~\cite{DBLP:conf/cirp/TAO2018169}.} + \caption{A basic framework for the \gls{dt}. Four core elements of a \gls{dt} are defined: The physical entity (\myCircled{1}) and the simulated virtual twin (\myCircled{2}). A service for out-of-band data analytics (\myCircled{3}) and a persistent storage of historical data (\myCircled{4}) are crucial to the \gls{dt} because they are necessary to gain meaningful monitoring insights. Adapted from Tao \etal ~\cite{DBLP:conf/cirp/TAO2018169}.} %Fei Tao is a renowned figure with over 62k citations. He is a figure of authority on digital twins.% \label{fig:five_dimensional_dt} \end{figure} diff --git a/sources/dt_features_comparison.tex b/sources/dt_features_comparison.tex index 9017def..143ae3e 100644 --- a/sources/dt_features_comparison.tex +++ b/sources/dt_features_comparison.tex @@ -1,28 +1,29 @@ -\begin{table}[h] - \centering - \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.4} +\begin{table} \resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{ \begin{tabular}{lm{0.2\linewidth}m{0.25\linewidth}m{0.3\linewidth}l} \toprule - Project & Simulation\qquad Technique & Focus & Stakeholders & Highlighted Features \\ + Project & Simulation Technique & Focus & Stakeholders & Modelling Capability \\ \midrule - ExaDigiT~\cite{DBLP:conf/sc/BrewerMKWBHSGGW24} & CFD/HT & Energy Loss\newline Prediction & & \\ + ExaDigiT~\cite{DBLP:conf/sc/BrewerMKWBHSGGW24} & CFD/HT, AI/ML & Energy Loss\newline Prediction,\newline \fcolorbox{Red}{white}{Heat Modelling} & HPC Engineers and Operators & \fcolorbox{Red}{white}{3D\textsuperscript{$\star$}}, \fcolorbox{Red}{white}{CH\textsuperscript{$\ddagger$}}, VP\textsuperscript{$\star$}, PE\textsuperscript{$\ddagger$}, RA, SE\textsuperscript{$\dagger$} \\ \midrule - SmartDC~\cite{DBLP:conf/noms/ZhangZLZWC22} & CFD/HT, BIM, AI & Heat Modelling & & \\ + SmartDC~\cite{DBLP:conf/noms/ZhangZLZWC22} & CFD/HT, BIM, AI/ML & \fcolorbox{Red}{white}{Heat Modelling},\newline PUE optimization & Cloud Datacenter Engineers & \fcolorbox{Red}{white}{CH\textsuperscript{$\dagger$}}, PE, \fcolorbox{Red}{white}{3D\textsuperscript{$\star$}} \\ \midrule - DyTwin~\cite{DBLP:conf/sc/TaheriBPRHDEWPM24} & Gaussian Process Regression, ML & Anomaly Detection & & \\ + DyTwin~\cite{DBLP:conf/sc/TaheriBPRHDEWPM24} & Gaussian Process Regression, AI/ML & Anomaly Detection & Cloud Datacenter Operators & A\textsuperscript{$\star$}, FD, VP\textsuperscript{$\star$}, SE\textsuperscript{$\dagger$} \\ \midrule - ChatTwin~\cite{DBLP:conf/sensys/LiW0Z0T23} & \textbf{\large?} & Configuration\newline Automation & & \\ + ChatTwin~\cite{DBLP:conf/sensys/LiW0Z0T23} & \textbf{\footnotesize?} & Digital Twin\newline Definition Language & Cloud Datacenter Engineers & \fcolorbox{Red}{white}{ 3D\textsuperscript{$\star$}} \\ \midrule - Reducio~\cite{DBLP:conf/sensys/CaoW0022} & POD & Heat and Airflow\newline Prediction & & \\ + Reducio~\cite{DBLP:conf/sensys/CaoW0022} & POD, Gaussian\newline Process Modelling (ML) & \fcolorbox{Red}{white}{Heat Modelling} & Edge and Hyper-scale Datacenter Operators & \fcolorbox{Red}{white}{CH\textsuperscript{$\ddagger$}, 3D\textsuperscript{$\star$}}, SE \\ \midrule - NetGraph~\cite{DBLP:conf/sigcomm/HongWDSSHZY21} & Graphs & Network Management & & \\ + NetGraph~\cite{DBLP:conf/sigcomm/HongWDSSHZY21} & Graphs & Network Management & Cloud Datacenter Operators & VP\textsuperscript{$\star$}, RA\textsuperscript{$\star$}, + N\textsuperscript{$\star$}, SE\textsuperscript{$\dagger$} \\ \midrule - Kalibre~\cite{DBLP:conf/sensys/WangZD0TCWZ20} & ML, CFD & Heat Modelling & & \\ + Kalibre~\cite{DBLP:conf/sensys/WangZD0TCWZ20} & CFD/HT, ML & \fcolorbox{Red}{white}{Heat Modelling} & Cloud Datacenter Engineers & \fcolorbox{Red}{white}{CH\textsuperscript{$\ddagger$}, 3D\textsuperscript{$\star$}} \\ \bottomrule \end{tabular} } - \caption{Comparison of selected datacenter digital twins. \textbf{Features:} 3D = 3D Visualizations; CH = Cooling/Heat, PE = Power/Energy Consumption, F = Failures, N = Network, FS = FaaS, SE = Scenario Exploration, VP = Virtual Prorotyping, FD = Federation; \textbf{Tools:} AI = Artificial Intelligence, ML = Machine Learning, ODA = Operational Data Analysis; $\dagger$ Predictive Analysis; $\star$ = Descriptive Analysis, $\ddagger$ = Prescriptive Analysis.} - \label{tab:dt_features_comparison} + \caption{\textbf{Table 1.1:} Comparison of selected datacenter digital twins. \textbf{Modelling capability:} \textcolor{Red}{3D = Visualizations}; \textcolor{Red}{CH = Cooling/Heat}, PE = Power/Energy Consumption, A = Anomaly Detection, N = Network Modelling, SE = Scenario Exploration, VP = Virtual Prototyping, FD = Federation, RA = Resource Allocation; \textbf{Data Analytics}: $\ddagger$ = Predictive Analysis; $\star$ = Descriptive Analysis, $\dagger$ = Prescriptive Analysis.} + \label{tab:dt_features_comparison} \end{table} - +% Autonomous decisions (autonomous twinning) from~\cite{DBLP:conf/sc/BrewerMKWBHSGGW24} is inherent to digital twinning -- it is better left unsaid in the table. +% I.e., the foundation of any DT is autonomous decisions, so without them they don't qualify as a DT. +% ChatTwin mentions that they evaluate their system on their own-engineered digital twin, but they absolutely not name it. Who knows why. diff --git a/style/style.tex b/style/style.tex index cef4167..9b90c45 100644 --- a/style/style.tex +++ b/style/style.tex @@ -23,10 +23,6 @@ \newcommand{\etc}{\emph{etc.}\xspace} \newcommand{\etal}{\emph{et~al.}\xspace} \newcommand{\todo}[1]{\textcolor{blue}{#1}} -\newcommand{\one}{(\ding{182})\xspace} -\newcommand{\two}{(\ding{183})\xspace} -\newcommand{\three}{(\ding{184})\xspace} -\newcommand{\four}{(\ding{185})\xspace} \usepackage{cleveref} \newcommand\myCircled[1]{\scalebox{0.75}{\Circled[fill color=black,inner color=white]{{\sffamily#1}}}} |