feat(trace/calcite): Add Calcite (SQL) integration

This change adds support for querying workload trace formats implemented
using the OpenDC API through Apache Calcite. This allows users to write
SQL queries to explore the workload traces.

10 files changed, 528 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/build.gradle.kts b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/build.gradle.kts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2ffdac3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/build.gradle.kts
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+description = "Apache Calcite (SQL) integration for the OpenDC trace library"
+
+/* Build configuration */
+plugins {
+    `kotlin-library-conventions`
+}
+
+dependencies {
+    api(projects.opendcTrace.opendcTraceApi)
+
+    api(libs.calcite.core)
+
+    testRuntimeOnly(projects.opendcTrace.opendcTraceOpendc)
+    testRuntimeOnly(libs.slf4j.simple)
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/TraceReaderEnumerator.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/TraceReaderEnumerator.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1854f262
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/TraceReaderEnumerator.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.trace.calcite
+
+import org.apache.calcite.linq4j.Enumerator
+import org.opendc.trace.TableColumn
+import org.opendc.trace.TableReader
+import java.sql.Timestamp
+import java.time.Duration
+import java.time.Instant
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean
+
+/**
+ * An [Enumerator] for a [TableReader].
+ */
+internal class TraceReaderEnumerator<E>(
+    private val reader: TableReader,
+    private val columns: List<TableColumn<*>>,
+    private val cancelFlag: AtomicBoolean
+) : Enumerator<E> {
+    private val columnIndices = columns.map { reader.resolve(it) }.toIntArray()
+    private var current: E? = null
+
+    override fun moveNext(): Boolean {
+        if (cancelFlag.get()) {
+            return false
+        }
+
+        val reader = reader
+        val res = reader.nextRow()
+
+        if (res) {
+            @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
+            current = convertRow(reader) as E
+        } else {
+            current = null
+        }
+
+        return res
+    }
+
+    override fun current(): E = checkNotNull(current)
+
+    override fun reset() {
+        throw UnsupportedOperationException()
+    }
+
+    override fun close() {
+        reader.close()
+    }
+
+    private fun convertRow(reader: TableReader): Array<Any?> {
+        val res = arrayOfNulls<Any?>(columns.size)
+        val columnIndices = columnIndices
+
+        for ((index, column) in columns.withIndex()) {
+            val columnIndex = columnIndices[index]
+            res[index] = convertColumn(reader, column, columnIndex)
+        }
+        return res
+    }
+
+    private fun convertColumn(reader: TableReader, column: TableColumn<*>, columnIndex: Int): Any? {
+        val value = reader.get(columnIndex)
+
+        return when (column.type) {
+            Instant::class.java -> Timestamp.from(value as Instant)
+            Duration::class.java -> (value as Duration).toMillis()
+            Set::class.java -> (value as Set<*>).toTypedArray()
+            else -> value
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/TraceSchema.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/TraceSchema.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..298a59dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/TraceSchema.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.trace.calcite
+
+import org.apache.calcite.schema.Schema
+import org.apache.calcite.schema.Table
+import org.apache.calcite.schema.impl.AbstractSchema
+import org.opendc.trace.Trace
+
+/**
+ * A Calcite [Schema] that exposes an OpenDC [Trace] into multiple SQL tables.
+ *
+ * @param trace The [Trace] to create a schema for.
+ */
+public class TraceSchema(private val trace: Trace) : AbstractSchema() {
+
+    private val tables: Map<String, TraceTable> by lazy {
+        trace.tables.associateWith {
+            val table = checkNotNull(trace.getTable(it)) { "Unexpected null table" }
+            TraceTable(table)
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun getTableMap(): Map<String, Table> = tables
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/TraceSchemaFactory.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/TraceSchemaFactory.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3c6badc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/TraceSchemaFactory.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.trace.calcite
+
+import org.apache.calcite.model.ModelHandler
+import org.apache.calcite.schema.Schema
+import org.apache.calcite.schema.SchemaFactory
+import org.apache.calcite.schema.SchemaPlus
+import org.opendc.trace.Trace
+import java.io.File
+import java.nio.file.Paths
+
+/**
+ * Factory that creates a [TraceSchema].
+ *
+ * This factory allows users to include a schema that references a trace in a `model.json` file.
+ */
+public class TraceSchemaFactory : SchemaFactory {
+    override fun create(parentSchema: SchemaPlus, name: String, operand: Map<String, Any>): Schema {
+        val base = operand[ModelHandler.ExtraOperand.BASE_DIRECTORY.camelName] as File?
+        val pathParam = requireNotNull(operand["path"]) { "Trace path not specified" } as String
+        val path = if (base != null) File(base, pathParam).toPath() else Paths.get(pathParam)
+
+        val format = requireNotNull(operand["format"]) { "Trace format not specified" } as String
+        val create = operand.getOrDefault("create", false) as Boolean
+
+        val trace = if (create) Trace.create(path, format) else Trace.open(path, format)
+        return TraceSchema(trace)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/TraceTable.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/TraceTable.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8c3fe4e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/TraceTable.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.trace.calcite
+
+import org.apache.calcite.DataContext
+import org.apache.calcite.adapter.java.JavaTypeFactory
+import org.apache.calcite.linq4j.AbstractEnumerable
+import org.apache.calcite.linq4j.Enumerable
+import org.apache.calcite.linq4j.Enumerator
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataType
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataTypeFactory
+import org.apache.calcite.schema.ScannableTable
+import org.apache.calcite.schema.Table
+import org.apache.calcite.schema.impl.AbstractTable
+import org.apache.calcite.sql.type.SqlTypeName
+import java.time.Duration
+import java.time.Instant
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean
+
+/**
+ * A Calcite [Table] that exposes an OpenDC [org.opendc.trace.Table] as SQL table.
+ */
+internal class TraceTable(private val table: org.opendc.trace.Table) : AbstractTable(), ScannableTable {
+
+    private var rowType: RelDataType? = null
+
+    override fun getRowType(typeFactory: RelDataTypeFactory): RelDataType {
+        var rowType = rowType
+        if (rowType == null) {
+            rowType = deduceRowType(typeFactory as JavaTypeFactory)
+            this.rowType = rowType
+        }
+
+        return rowType
+    }
+
+    override fun scan(root: DataContext): Enumerable<Array<Any?>> {
+        val cancelFlag = DataContext.Variable.CANCEL_FLAG.get<AtomicBoolean>(root)
+        return object : AbstractEnumerable<Array<Any?>>() {
+            override fun enumerator(): Enumerator<Array<Any?>> = TraceReaderEnumerator(table.newReader(), table.columns, cancelFlag)
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun toString(): String = "TraceTable"
+
+    private fun deduceRowType(typeFactory: JavaTypeFactory): RelDataType {
+        val types = mutableListOf<RelDataType>()
+        val names = mutableListOf<String>()
+
+        for (column in table.columns) {
+            names.add(column.name)
+            types.add(
+                when (column.type) {
+                    Instant::class.java -> typeFactory.createSqlType(SqlTypeName.TIMESTAMP)
+                    Duration::class.java -> typeFactory.createSqlType(SqlTypeName.BIGINT)
+                    Set::class.java -> typeFactory.createMultisetType(typeFactory.createSqlType(SqlTypeName.ANY), -1)
+                    else -> typeFactory.createType(column.type)
+                }
+            )
+        }
+
+        return typeFactory.createStructType(types, names)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/CalciteTest.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/CalciteTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f0e461e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/CalciteTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.trace.calcite
+
+import org.apache.calcite.jdbc.CalciteConnection
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+import org.opendc.trace.Trace
+import java.nio.file.Paths
+import java.sql.DriverManager
+import java.sql.ResultSet
+import java.sql.Timestamp
+import java.util.*
+
+/**
+ * Smoke test for Apache Calcite integration.
+ */
+class CalciteTest {
+    /**
+     * The trace to experiment with.
+     */
+    private val trace = Trace.open(Paths.get("src/test/resources/trace"), format = "opendc-vm")
+
+    @Test
+    fun testResources() {
+        runQuery(trace, "SELECT * FROM trace.resources") { rs ->
+            assertAll(
+                { assertTrue(rs.next()) },
+                { assertEquals("1019", rs.getString("id")) },
+                { assertEquals(1, rs.getInt("cpu_count")) },
+                { assertEquals(Timestamp.valueOf("2013-08-12 13:40:46.0"), rs.getTimestamp("start_time")) },
+                { assertEquals(181352.0, rs.getDouble("mem_capacity")) },
+                { assertTrue(rs.next()) },
+                { assertEquals("1023", rs.getString("id")) },
+                { assertTrue(rs.next()) },
+                { assertEquals("1052", rs.getString("id")) },
+                { assertTrue(rs.next()) },
+                { assertEquals("1073", rs.getString("id")) },
+                { assertFalse(rs.next()) }
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testResourceStates() {
+        runQuery(trace, "SELECT * FROM trace.resource_states") { rs ->
+            assertAll(
+                { assertTrue(rs.next()) },
+                { assertEquals("1019", rs.getString("id")) },
+                { assertEquals(Timestamp.valueOf("2013-08-12 13:40:46.0"), rs.getTimestamp("timestamp")) },
+                { assertEquals(300000, rs.getLong("duration")) },
+                { assertEquals(0.0, rs.getDouble("cpu_usage")) },
+                { assertTrue(rs.next()) },
+                { assertEquals("1019", rs.getString("id")) },
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testInterferenceGroups() {
+        runQuery(trace, "SELECT * FROM trace.interference_groups") { rs ->
+            assertAll(
+                { assertTrue(rs.next()) },
+                { assertArrayEquals(arrayOf("1019", "1023", "1052"), rs.getArray("members").array as Array<*>) },
+                { assertEquals(0.0, rs.getDouble("target")) },
+                { assertEquals(0.8830158730158756, rs.getDouble("score")) },
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testComplexQuery() {
+        runQuery(trace, "SELECT max(cpu_usage) as max_cpu_usage, avg(cpu_usage) as avg_cpu_usage FROM trace.resource_states") { rs ->
+            assertAll(
+                { assertTrue(rs.next()) },
+                { assertEquals(249.59993808, rs.getDouble("max_cpu_usage")) },
+                { assertEquals(5.387240309118493, rs.getDouble("avg_cpu_usage")) },
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Helper function to run statement for the specified trace.
+     */
+    private fun runQuery(trace: Trace, query: String, block: (ResultSet) -> Unit) {
+        val info = Properties()
+        info.setProperty("lex", "JAVA")
+        val connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:calcite:", info).unwrap(CalciteConnection::class.java)
+        connection.rootSchema.add("trace", TraceSchema(trace))
+
+        val stmt = connection.createStatement()
+        val results = stmt.executeQuery(query)
+        try {
+            block(results)
+        } finally {
+            results.close()
+            stmt.close()
+            connection.close()
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/TraceSchemaFactoryTest.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/TraceSchemaFactoryTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0a552e74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/calcite/TraceSchemaFactoryTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.trace.calcite
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.assertThrows
+import java.sql.DriverManager
+import java.sql.Timestamp
+import java.util.*
+
+/**
+ * Test suite for [TraceSchemaFactory].
+ */
+class TraceSchemaFactoryTest {
+    @Test
+    fun testSmoke() {
+        val info = Properties()
+        info.setProperty("lex", "JAVA")
+        val connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:calcite:model=src/test/resources/model.json", info)
+        val stmt = connection.createStatement()
+        val rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM trace.resources")
+        try {
+            assertAll(
+                { assertTrue(rs.next()) },
+                { assertEquals("1019", rs.getString("id")) },
+                { assertEquals(1, rs.getInt("cpu_count")) },
+                { assertEquals(Timestamp.valueOf("2013-08-12 13:40:46.0"), rs.getTimestamp("start_time")) },
+                { assertEquals(181352.0, rs.getDouble("mem_capacity")) },
+            )
+        } finally {
+            rs.close()
+            stmt.close()
+            connection.close()
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testWithoutParams() {
+        assertThrows<java.lang.RuntimeException> {
+            DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:calcite:schemaFactory=org.opendc.trace.calcite.TraceSchemaFactory")
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testWithoutPath() {
+        assertThrows<java.lang.RuntimeException> {
+            DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:calcite:schemaFactory=org.opendc.trace.calcite.TraceSchemaFactory; schema.format=opendc-vm")
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testWithoutFormat() {
+        assertThrows<java.lang.RuntimeException> {
+            DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:calcite:schemaFactory=org.opendc.trace.calcite.TraceSchemaFactory; schema.path=trace")
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/test/resources/trace/interference-model.json b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/test/resources/trace/interference-model.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6a0616d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/test/resources/trace/interference-model.json
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+[
+    {
+        "vms": [
+            "1019",
+            "1023",
+            "1052"
+        ],
+        "minServerLoad": 0.0,
+        "performanceScore": 0.8830158730158756
+    },
+    {
+        "vms": [
+            "1023",
+            "1052",
+            "1073"
+        ],
+        "minServerLoad": 0.0,
+        "performanceScore": 0.7133055555552751
+    }
+]
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/test/resources/trace/meta.parquet b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/test/resources/trace/meta.parquet
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d8184945
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/test/resources/trace/meta.parquet
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/test/resources/trace/trace.parquet b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/test/resources/trace/trace.parquet
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..00ab5835
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-calcite/src/test/resources/trace/trace.parquet