feat(trace): Add support for Azure VM trace format

This change adds support in the trace library for the Azure VM trace
format.

11 files changed, 860 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/build.gradle.kts b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/build.gradle.kts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8bde56cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/build.gradle.kts
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+description = "Support for Azure VM traces in OpenDC"
+
+/* Build configuration */
+plugins {
+    `kotlin-library-conventions`
+    `testing-conventions`
+    `jacoco-conventions`
+}
+
+dependencies {
+    api(platform(projects.opendcPlatform))
+    api(projects.opendcTrace.opendcTraceApi)
+    implementation(libs.jackson.dataformat.csv)
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceStateTable.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceStateTable.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..189ab52a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceStateTable.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.trace.azure
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvFactory
+import org.opendc.trace.*
+import java.nio.file.Files
+import java.nio.file.Path
+import java.util.stream.Collectors
+import kotlin.io.path.extension
+import kotlin.io.path.nameWithoutExtension
+
+/**
+ * The resource state [Table] for the Azure v1 VM traces.
+ */
+internal class AzureResourceStateTable(private val factory: CsvFactory, path: Path) : Table {
+    /**
+     * The partitions that belong to the table.
+     */
+    private val partitions = Files.walk(path.resolve("vm_cpu_readings"), 1)
+        .filter { !Files.isDirectory(it) && it.extension == "csv" }
+        .collect(Collectors.toMap({ it.nameWithoutExtension }, { it }))
+        .toSortedMap()
+
+    override val name: String = TABLE_RESOURCE_STATES
+
+    override val isSynthetic: Boolean = false
+
+    override val columns: List<TableColumn<*>> = listOf(
+        RESOURCE_STATE_ID,
+        RESOURCE_STATE_TIMESTAMP,
+        RESOURCE_STATE_CPU_USAGE_PCT
+    )
+
+    override fun newReader(): TableReader {
+        val it = partitions.iterator()
+
+        return object : TableReader {
+            var delegate: TableReader? = nextDelegate()
+
+            override fun nextRow(): Boolean {
+                var delegate = delegate
+
+                while (delegate != null) {
+                    if (delegate.nextRow()) {
+                        break
+                    }
+
+                    delegate.close()
+                    delegate = nextDelegate()
+                }
+
+                this.delegate = delegate
+                return delegate != null
+            }
+
+            override fun hasColumn(column: TableColumn<*>): Boolean = delegate?.hasColumn(column) ?: false
+
+            override fun <T> get(column: TableColumn<T>): T {
+                val delegate = checkNotNull(delegate) { "Invalid reader state" }
+                return delegate.get(column)
+            }
+
+            override fun getBoolean(column: TableColumn<Boolean>): Boolean {
+                val delegate = checkNotNull(delegate) { "Invalid reader state" }
+                return delegate.getBoolean(column)
+            }
+
+            override fun getInt(column: TableColumn<Int>): Int {
+                val delegate = checkNotNull(delegate) { "Invalid reader state" }
+                return delegate.getInt(column)
+            }
+
+            override fun getLong(column: TableColumn<Long>): Long {
+                val delegate = checkNotNull(delegate) { "Invalid reader state" }
+                return delegate.getLong(column)
+            }
+
+            override fun getDouble(column: TableColumn<Double>): Double {
+                val delegate = checkNotNull(delegate) { "Invalid reader state" }
+                return delegate.getDouble(column)
+            }
+
+            override fun close() {
+                delegate?.close()
+            }
+
+            private fun nextDelegate(): TableReader? {
+                return if (it.hasNext()) {
+                    val (_, path) = it.next()
+                    return AzureResourceStateTableReader(factory.createParser(path.toFile()))
+                } else {
+                    null
+                }
+            }
+
+            override fun toString(): String = "AzureCompositeTableReader"
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun newReader(partition: String): TableReader {
+        val path = requireNotNull(partitions[partition]) { "Invalid partition $partition" }
+        return AzureResourceStateTableReader(factory.createParser(path.toFile()))
+    }
+
+    override fun toString(): String = "AzureResourceStateTable"
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceStateTableReader.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceStateTableReader.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c17a17ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceStateTableReader.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.trace.azure
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonToken
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvParser
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvSchema
+import org.opendc.trace.*
+import java.time.Instant
+
+/**
+ * A [TableReader] for the Azure v1 VM resource state table.
+ */
+internal class AzureResourceStateTableReader(private val parser: CsvParser) : TableReader {
+    init {
+        parser.schema = schema
+    }
+
+    override fun nextRow(): Boolean {
+        reset()
+
+        if (!nextStart()) {
+            return false
+        }
+
+        while (true) {
+            val token = parser.nextValue()
+
+            if (token == null || token == JsonToken.END_OBJECT) {
+                break
+            }
+
+            when (parser.currentName) {
+                "timestamp" -> timestamp = Instant.ofEpochSecond(parser.longValue)
+                "vm id" -> id = parser.text
+                "CPU avg cpu" -> cpuUsagePct = parser.doubleValue
+            }
+        }
+
+        return true
+    }
+
+    override fun hasColumn(column: TableColumn<*>): Boolean {
+        return when (column) {
+            RESOURCE_STATE_ID -> true
+            RESOURCE_STATE_TIMESTAMP -> true
+            RESOURCE_STATE_CPU_USAGE_PCT -> true
+            else -> false
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun <T> get(column: TableColumn<T>): T {
+        val res: Any? = when (column) {
+            RESOURCE_STATE_ID -> id
+            RESOURCE_STATE_TIMESTAMP -> timestamp
+            RESOURCE_STATE_CPU_USAGE_PCT -> cpuUsagePct
+            else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column")
+        }
+
+        @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
+        return res as T
+    }
+
+    override fun getBoolean(column: TableColumn<Boolean>): Boolean {
+        throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column")
+    }
+
+    override fun getInt(column: TableColumn<Int>): Int {
+        throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column")
+    }
+
+    override fun getLong(column: TableColumn<Long>): Long {
+        throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column")
+    }
+
+    override fun getDouble(column: TableColumn<Double>): Double {
+        return when (column) {
+            RESOURCE_STATE_CPU_USAGE_PCT -> cpuUsagePct
+            else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column")
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun close() {
+        parser.close()
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Advance the parser until the next object start.
+     */
+    private fun nextStart(): Boolean {
+        var token = parser.nextValue()
+
+        while (token != null && token != JsonToken.START_OBJECT) {
+            token = parser.nextValue()
+        }
+
+        return token != null
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * State fields of the reader.
+     */
+    private var id: String? = null
+    private var timestamp: Instant? = null
+    private var cpuUsagePct = Double.NaN
+
+    /**
+     * Reset the state.
+     */
+    private fun reset() {
+        id = null
+        timestamp = null
+        cpuUsagePct = Double.NaN
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        /**
+         * The [CsvSchema] that is used to parse the trace.
+         */
+        private val schema = CsvSchema.builder()
+            .addColumn("timestamp", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+            .addColumn("vm id", CsvSchema.ColumnType.STRING)
+            .addColumn("CPU min cpu", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+            .addColumn("CPU max cpu", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+            .addColumn("CPU avg cpu", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+            .setAllowComments(true)
+            .build()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceTable.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceTable.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d9f6f156
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceTable.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.trace.azure
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvFactory
+import org.opendc.trace.*
+import java.nio.file.Path
+
+/**
+ * The resource [Table] for the Azure v1 VM traces.
+ */
+internal class AzureResourceTable(private val factory: CsvFactory, private val path: Path) : Table {
+    override val name: String = TABLE_RESOURCES
+
+    override val isSynthetic: Boolean = false
+
+    override val columns: List<TableColumn<*>> = listOf(
+        RESOURCE_ID,
+        RESOURCE_START_TIME,
+        RESOURCE_STOP_TIME,
+        RESOURCE_NCPUS,
+        RESOURCE_MEM_CAPACITY
+    )
+
+    override fun newReader(): TableReader {
+        return AzureResourceTableReader(factory.createParser(path.resolve("vmtable/vmtable.csv").toFile()))
+    }
+
+    override fun newReader(partition: String): TableReader {
+        throw IllegalArgumentException("No partition $partition")
+    }
+
+    override fun toString(): String = "AzureResourceTable"
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceTableReader.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceTableReader.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d3970b07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceTableReader.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.trace.azure
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonToken
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvParser
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvSchema
+import org.opendc.trace.*
+import java.time.Instant
+
+/**
+ * A [TableReader] for the Azure v1 VM resources table.
+ */
+internal class AzureResourceTableReader(private val parser: CsvParser) : TableReader {
+    init {
+        parser.schema = schema
+    }
+
+    override fun nextRow(): Boolean {
+        reset()
+
+        if (!nextStart()) {
+            return false
+        }
+
+        while (true) {
+            val token = parser.nextValue()
+
+            if (token == null || token == JsonToken.END_OBJECT) {
+                break
+            }
+
+            when (parser.currentName) {
+                "vm id" -> id = parser.text
+                "vm created" -> startTime = Instant.ofEpochSecond(parser.longValue)
+                "vm deleted" -> stopTime = Instant.ofEpochSecond(parser.longValue)
+                "vm virtual core count" -> cpuCores = parser.intValue
+                "vm memory" -> memCapacity = parser.doubleValue * 1e6 // GB to KB
+            }
+        }
+
+        return true
+    }
+
+    override fun hasColumn(column: TableColumn<*>): Boolean {
+        return when (column) {
+            RESOURCE_ID -> true
+            RESOURCE_START_TIME -> true
+            RESOURCE_STOP_TIME -> true
+            RESOURCE_NCPUS -> true
+            RESOURCE_MEM_CAPACITY -> true
+            else -> false
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun <T> get(column: TableColumn<T>): T {
+        val res: Any? = when (column) {
+            RESOURCE_ID -> id
+            RESOURCE_START_TIME -> startTime
+            RESOURCE_STOP_TIME -> stopTime
+            RESOURCE_NCPUS -> getInt(RESOURCE_NCPUS)
+            RESOURCE_MEM_CAPACITY -> getDouble(RESOURCE_MEM_CAPACITY)
+            else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column")
+        }
+
+        @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
+        return res as T
+    }
+
+    override fun getBoolean(column: TableColumn<Boolean>): Boolean {
+        throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column")
+    }
+
+    override fun getInt(column: TableColumn<Int>): Int {
+        return when (column) {
+            RESOURCE_NCPUS -> cpuCores
+            else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column")
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun getLong(column: TableColumn<Long>): Long {
+        throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column")
+    }
+
+    override fun getDouble(column: TableColumn<Double>): Double {
+        return when (column) {
+            RESOURCE_MEM_CAPACITY -> memCapacity
+            else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column")
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun close() {
+        parser.close()
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Advance the parser until the next object start.
+     */
+    private fun nextStart(): Boolean {
+        var token = parser.nextValue()
+
+        while (token != null && token != JsonToken.START_OBJECT) {
+            token = parser.nextValue()
+        }
+
+        return token != null
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * State fields of the reader.
+     */
+    private var id: String? = null
+    private var startTime: Instant? = null
+    private var stopTime: Instant? = null
+    private var cpuCores = -1
+    private var memCapacity = Double.NaN
+
+    /**
+     * Reset the state.
+     */
+    fun reset() {
+        id = null
+        startTime = null
+        stopTime = null
+        cpuCores = -1
+        memCapacity = Double.NaN
+    }
+
+    companion object {
+        /**
+         * The [CsvSchema] that is used to parse the trace.
+         */
+        private val schema = CsvSchema.builder()
+            .addColumn("vm id", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+            .addColumn("subscription id", CsvSchema.ColumnType.STRING)
+            .addColumn("deployment id", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+            .addColumn("timestamp vm created", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+            .addColumn("timestamp vm deleted", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+            .addColumn("max cpu", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+            .addColumn("avg cpu", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+            .addColumn("p95 cpu", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+            .addColumn("vm category", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+            .addColumn("vm virtual core count", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+            .addColumn("vm memory", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+            .setAllowComments(true)
+            .build()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTrace.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTrace.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c7e7dc36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTrace.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.trace.azure
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvFactory
+import org.opendc.trace.*
+import java.nio.file.Path
+
+/**
+ * [Trace] implementation for the Azure v1 VM traces.
+ */
+public class AzureTrace internal constructor(private val factory: CsvFactory, private val path: Path) : Trace {
+    override val tables: List<String> = listOf(TABLE_RESOURCES, TABLE_RESOURCE_STATES)
+
+    override fun containsTable(name: String): Boolean = name in tables
+
+    override fun getTable(name: String): Table? {
+        return when (name) {
+            TABLE_RESOURCES -> AzureResourceTable(factory, path)
+            TABLE_RESOURCE_STATES -> AzureResourceStateTable(factory, path)
+            else -> null
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun toString(): String = "AzureTrace[$path]"
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTraceFormat.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTraceFormat.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1230d857
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTraceFormat.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.trace.azure
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvFactory
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvParser
+import org.opendc.trace.spi.TraceFormat
+import java.net.URL
+import java.nio.file.Paths
+import kotlin.io.path.exists
+
+/**
+ * A format implementation for the Azure v1 format.
+ */
+public class AzureTraceFormat : TraceFormat {
+    /**
+     * The name of this trace format.
+     */
+    override val name: String = "azure"
+
+    /**
+     * The [CsvFactory] used to create the parser.
+     */
+    private val factory = CsvFactory()
+        .enable(CsvParser.Feature.ALLOW_COMMENTS)
+        .enable(CsvParser.Feature.TRIM_SPACES)
+
+    /**
+     * Open the trace file.
+     */
+    override fun open(url: URL): AzureTrace {
+        val path = Paths.get(url.toURI())
+        require(path.exists()) { "URL $url does not exist" }
+        return AzureTrace(factory, path)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.opendc.trace.spi.TraceFormat b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.opendc.trace.spi.TraceFormat
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..08e75529
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.opendc.trace.spi.TraceFormat
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+org.opendc.trace.azure.AzureTraceFormat
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTraceFormatTest.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTraceFormatTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..20375547
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTraceFormatTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.trace.azure
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.assertThrows
+import org.opendc.trace.*
+import java.io.File
+import java.net.URL
+
+/**
+ * Test suite for the [AzureTraceFormat] class.
+ */
+class AzureTraceFormatTest {
+    private val format = AzureTraceFormat()
+
+    @Test
+    fun testTraceExists() {
+        val url = File("src/test/resources/trace").toURI().toURL()
+        assertDoesNotThrow {
+            format.open(url)
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testTraceDoesNotExists() {
+        val url = File("src/test/resources/trace").toURI().toURL()
+        assertThrows<IllegalArgumentException> {
+            format.open(URL(url.toString() + "help"))
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testTables() {
+        val url = File("src/test/resources/trace").toURI().toURL()
+        val trace = format.open(url)
+
+        assertEquals(listOf(TABLE_RESOURCES, TABLE_RESOURCE_STATES), trace.tables)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testTableExists() {
+        val url = File("src/test/resources/trace").toURI().toURL()
+        val table = format.open(url).getTable(TABLE_RESOURCE_STATES)
+
+        assertNotNull(table)
+        assertDoesNotThrow { table!!.newReader() }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testTableDoesNotExist() {
+        val url = File("src/test/resources/trace").toURI().toURL()
+        val trace = format.open(url)
+
+        assertFalse(trace.containsTable("test"))
+        assertNull(trace.getTable("test"))
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testResources() {
+        val url = File("src/test/resources/trace").toURI().toURL()
+        val trace = format.open(url)
+
+        val reader = trace.getTable(TABLE_RESOURCES)!!.newReader()
+
+        assertAll(
+            { assertTrue(reader.nextRow()) },
+            { assertEquals("x/XsOfHO4ocsV99i4NluqKDuxctW2MMVmwqOPAlg4wp8mqbBOe3wxBlQo0+Qx+uf", reader.get(RESOURCE_ID)) },
+            { assertEquals(1, reader.getInt(RESOURCE_NCPUS)) },
+            { assertEquals(1750000.0, reader.getDouble(RESOURCE_MEM_CAPACITY)) },
+        )
+
+        reader.close()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testSmoke() {
+        val url = File("src/test/resources/trace").toURI().toURL()
+        val trace = format.open(url)
+
+        val reader = trace.getTable(TABLE_RESOURCE_STATES)!!.newReader()
+
+        assertAll(
+            { assertTrue(reader.nextRow()) },
+            { assertEquals("+ZcrOp5/c/fJ6mVgP5qMZlOAGDwyjaaDNM0WoWOt2IDb47gT0UwK9lFwkPQv3C7Q", reader.get(RESOURCE_STATE_ID)) },
+            { assertEquals(0, reader.get(RESOURCE_STATE_TIMESTAMP).epochSecond) },
+            { assertEquals(2.86979, reader.getDouble(RESOURCE_STATE_CPU_USAGE_PCT), 0.01) }
+        )
+
+        reader.close()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/test/resources/trace/vm_cpu_readings/vm_cpu_readings-file-1-of-125.csv b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/test/resources/trace/vm_cpu_readings/vm_cpu_readings-file-1-of-125.csv
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..db6ddf8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/test/resources/trace/vm_cpu_readings/vm_cpu_readings-file-1-of-125.csv
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
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+0,/sTadDDv8poFeLWS7lD/SEtEgWCBHXB1IaiitjCru4AcK8Z32hNXlccdY8hlFzTp,3.203254,5.682829,3.859569

+0,333YaK054AGlUYuw0XWxYn5K8NwzhfzJ3mm4YNwB1YXKjgnO64ZItBNaBRQoOgXn,0.124811,0.384592,0.257066

+0,+ZkQz7QrPZIODz45A+60ZFnG18jnyYlSY/IgEe1Yj8c4cU8h+L8WDIKMv2uB7EwD,1.022656,6.508863,3.368929

+0,+X4DW7zA6whRfOWSHHONJ1u3f0DyBvC9PqDmXGFfbxT4aUGCC6kVm6fuGu9IsQyL,3.428286,15.183059,5.743137

+0,2KXdN0Pb4iyu0jVPocTTf3dwk2Z1LjIlAcydV3HURGIUn1dTycCDDCHg5G6l6i9t,0.282044,0.40582,0.311669

+0,2lGxRtUbBrRZmIYagONMp6vj0zHk4EGhu0aSH5Ws/CAXwBNZpCavBFDNCEcPsOkt,3.662958,8.660027,5.281077

+0,+IR6CKA4zeO742dCx1l2hR0plhTanlaxPWAbckkZNo6UAti83TpYPRXrrfdmm9Ar,0.086237,2.450893,0.969819

+0,2/hWJ+i+1FSHiD44Rr3S4xWMUHC6hIgoVBX2XGZ7cOFyLn9FWQ3Kevsocw7CGaxJ,1.499537,2.832775,1.900258

+0,1WnALZnCvRlfqnuRyrIf0wxQOGLhGuvxInHelnMBM6cw9G9hydTBxqV60JSL/48p,0.717535,5.066802,1.448937

diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/test/resources/trace/vmtable/vmtable.csv b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/test/resources/trace/vmtable/vmtable.csv
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..299c518c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/test/resources/trace/vmtable/vmtable.csv
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+x/XsOfHO4ocsV99i4NluqKDuxctW2MMVmwqOPAlg4wp8mqbBOe3wxBlQo0+Qx+uf,VDU4C8cqdr+ORcqquwMRcsBA2l0SC6lCPys0wdghKROuxPYysA2XYii9Y5ZkaYaq,Pc2VLB8aDxK2DCC96itq4vW/zVDp4wioAUiB3HoGSFYQ0o6/ZCegTpb9vEH4LeMTEWVObHTPRYEY81TYivZCMQ==,0,2591700,99.369869,3.4240942342446719,10.194309,Delay-insensitive,1,1.75

+H5CxmMoVcZSpjgGbohnVA3R+7uCTe/hM2ht2uIYi3t7KwXB4tkBxmZHBrt2A4x+n,BSXOcywx8pUU0DueDo6UMol1YzR6tn47KLEKaoXp0a1bf2PpzJ7n7lLlmhQ0OJf9,3J17LcV4gXjFat62qhVFRfoiWArHnY763HVqqI6orJCfV8h5j9yeotRMnCLlX1ooGkMyQ2MDOuY1oz111AGN9Q==,0,1539300,100,6.18178366757598,33.98136,Interactive,1,0.75

+wR/G1YUjpMP4zUbxGM/XJNhYS8cAK3SGKM2tqhF7VdeTUYHGktQiKQNoDTtYvnAc,VDU4C8cqdr+ORcqquwMRcsBA2l0SC6lCPys0wdghKROuxPYysA2XYii9Y5ZkaYaq,Pc2VLB8aDxK2DCC96itq4vW/zVDp4wioAUiB3HoGSFYQ0o6/ZCegTpb9vEH4LeMT+hzuAPZnYJMu61JNhTDF/Q==,2188800,2591700,99.569027,3.5736346071428589,7.92425,Delay-insensitive,1,1.75

+1XiU+KpvIa3T1XP8kk3ZY71Of03+ogFL5Pag9Mc2jBuh0YqeW0Zcb9lepKLdPEDg,8u+M3WcFp8pq183WoMB79PhK7xUzbaviOBv0qWN6Xn4mbuNVM1GYJlIjswgit+k1,DHbeI+pYTYFjH8JAF8SewM0z/4SqQctvxcBRGIRglBmeLW5VjISVEw7/IpY345kHwHtk7+SKlEwc1upnT3PigA==,0,2591700,99.405085,16.2876105408034,95.69789,Delay-insensitive,8,56

+z5i2HiSaz6ZdLR6PXdnDjGva3jIlkMPXx23VtfXx9q3dXFRBQrxCOj7sHUsrmFLa,VDU4C8cqdr+ORcqquwMRcsBA2l0SC6lCPys0wdghKROuxPYysA2XYii9Y5ZkaYaq,Pc2VLB8aDxK2DCC96itq4vW/zVDp4wioAUiB3HoGSFYQ0o6/ZCegTpb9vEH4LeMTEWVObHTPRYEY81TYivZCMQ==,0,2188500,98.967961,3.036037969572376,9.445484,Delay-insensitive,1,1.75

+n77nP00/UpJmT+Yx1ZkDphvAqPoHU8yUpDCwyUtPNlRENqvNp6Inya1eiy7VP1+x,8u+M3WcFp8pq183WoMB79PhK7xUzbaviOBv0qWN6Xn4mbuNVM1GYJlIjswgit+k1,DHbeI+pYTYFjH8JAF8SewM0z/4SqQctvxcBRGIRglBmeLW5VjISVEw7/IpY345kHwHtk7+SKlEwc1upnT3PigA==,0,2591700,99.448473,34.17401179027781,98.553018,Delay-insensitive,8,56

+aTSXW3N1KepxKYwKumd7T1+f7DkGolSKV8EArYAdctjD26YqSMKezCVSdvmSgqIQ,dBub/K+8I6jD9t2ExqUdRNlVxPPvDWqICA9Sr+yzcBZ/nNuC0W2swapPoBNIRoF+,C9GnRqFF2lzW/elUsLEwhyAQj9D/d5JIOOgvwfPL1aINf+m1f29G7nXhr6mRPGbiofmjfP9GkepcWz9LX5tp7Q==,2290500,2292300,94.113335,32.461745857142866,94.113335,Unkown,1,1.75

+uSkGH3DS6BVo3RFnw3GZb6WCFSmGgvgKi4HIj08yxO4f5ladUQc3pqDOtqRN0W9+,8u+M3WcFp8pq183WoMB79PhK7xUzbaviOBv0qWN6Xn4mbuNVM1GYJlIjswgit+k1,DHbeI+pYTYFjH8JAF8SewM0z/4SqQctvxcBRGIRglBmeLW5VjISVEw7/IpY345kHwHtk7+SKlEwc1upnT3PigA==,0,2591700,99.276369,1.3500837561060346,23.450372,Delay-insensitive,8,56

+ztRY/Sk5mrSFFcpy2usZ0YZZ7Eumq130/5BB8WVXfWaYvFkU+EhXUQ2kOFkCXuCw,dBub/K+8I6jD9t2ExqUdRNlVxPPvDWqICA9Sr+yzcBZ/nNuC0W2swapPoBNIRoF+,C9GnRqFF2lzW/elUsLEwhyAQj9D/d5JIOOgvwfPL1aINf+m1f29G7nXhr6mRPGbiofmjfP9GkepcWz9LX5tp7Q==,2281200,2300100,98.671595,43.724999781249991,98.13707,Unkown,1,1.75

+bJoIb8ras2ZNNSdAz3CAu4HYRd6k9MOqij/+6/+/5XaYw4+EoGdUEr74DCi974gJ,8u+M3WcFp8pq183WoMB79PhK7xUzbaviOBv0qWN6Xn4mbuNVM1GYJlIjswgit+k1,DHbeI+pYTYFjH8JAF8SewM0z/4SqQctvxcBRGIRglBmeLW5VjISVEw7/IpY345kHwHtk7+SKlEwc1upnT3PigA==,0,2591700,99.498748,18.989459534151351,94.751666,Interactive,8,56