merge: Improve discovery of interference models (#76)

This pull request intends to improve discovery of interference models. Previously, interference models were not tied to the workload trace, meaning they had to be resolved separately from the workload trace. In reality, the interference model is always tied to the particular workload trace.

With this pull request, we integrate the interference model into the `odcvm` trace format and make it available through the `opendc-trace` library. This has as additional benefit that we can support different interference formats in the future using the same API.

Furthermore, this change allows us to ship the interference model with the workload traces and resolve them automatically in the future using some form of package manager.

## Implementation Notes :hammer_and_pick:

* Incorporate interference model in trace format 
* Load interference model via trace library
* Move conventions into separate package 

## External Dependencies :four_leaf_clover:

* N/A

## Breaking API Changes :warning:

* `VmInterferenceModelReader` has been removed from `opendc-compute-workload`
* Table and column conventions have been moved in `org.opendc.trace.conv` package

54 files changed, 542 insertions, 247 deletions

diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/build.gradle.kts b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/build.gradle.kts
index 93e09b99..41a4b52d 100644
--- a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/build.gradle.kts
@@ -40,7 +40,4 @@ dependencies {
     implementation(libs.opentelemetry.semconv)
 
     implementation(libs.kotlin.logging)
-    implementation(libs.jackson.databind)
-    implementation(libs.jackson.module.kotlin)
-    implementation(kotlin("reflect"))
 }
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkload.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkload.kt
index 78002c2f..aa0b5eaf 100644
--- a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkload.kt
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkload.kt
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 
 package org.opendc.compute.workload
 
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.kernel.interference.VmInterferenceModel
 import java.util.*
 
 /**
@@ -31,5 +32,10 @@ public interface ComputeWorkload {
     /**
      * Resolve the workload into a list of [VirtualMachine]s to simulate.
      */
-    public fun resolve(loader: ComputeWorkloadLoader, random: Random): List<VirtualMachine>
+    public fun resolve(loader: ComputeWorkloadLoader, random: Random): Resolved
+
+    /**
+     * A concrete instance of a workload.
+     */
+    public data class Resolved(val vms: List<VirtualMachine>, val interferenceModel: VmInterferenceModel?)
 }
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkloadLoader.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkloadLoader.kt
index 36a76f68..720c7e58 100644
--- a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkloadLoader.kt
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkloadLoader.kt
@@ -23,9 +23,12 @@
 package org.opendc.compute.workload
 
 import mu.KotlinLogging
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.kernel.interference.VmInterferenceModel
 import org.opendc.simulator.compute.workload.SimTrace
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import java.io.File
+import java.lang.ref.SoftReference
 import java.time.Duration
 import java.time.Instant
 import java.util.*
@@ -47,7 +50,7 @@ public class ComputeWorkloadLoader(private val baseDir: File) {
     /**
      * The cache of workloads.
      */
-    private val cache = ConcurrentHashMap<String, List<VirtualMachine>>()
+    private val cache = ConcurrentHashMap<String, SoftReference<ComputeWorkload.Resolved>>()
 
     /**
      * Read the fragments into memory.
@@ -145,18 +148,59 @@ public class ComputeWorkloadLoader(private val baseDir: File) {
     }
 
     /**
+     * Read the interference model associated with the specified [trace].
+     */
+    private fun parseInterferenceModel(trace: Trace): VmInterferenceModel {
+        val reader = checkNotNull(trace.getTable(TABLE_INTERFERENCE_GROUPS)).newReader()
+
+        return try {
+            val membersCol = reader.resolve(INTERFERENCE_GROUP_MEMBERS)
+            val targetCol = reader.resolve(INTERFERENCE_GROUP_TARGET)
+            val scoreCol = reader.resolve(INTERFERENCE_GROUP_SCORE)
+
+            val modelBuilder = VmInterferenceModel.builder()
+
+            while (reader.nextRow()) {
+                @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
+                val members = reader.get(membersCol) as Set<String>
+                val target = reader.getDouble(targetCol)
+                val score = reader.getDouble(scoreCol)
+
+                modelBuilder
+                    .addGroup(members, target, score)
+            }
+
+            modelBuilder.build()
+        } finally {
+            reader.close()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Load the trace with the specified [name] and [format].
      */
-    public fun get(name: String, format: String): List<VirtualMachine> {
-        return cache.computeIfAbsent(name) {
-            val path = baseDir.resolve(it)
+    public fun get(name: String, format: String): ComputeWorkload.Resolved {
+        val ref = cache.compute(name) { key, oldVal ->
+            val inst = oldVal?.get()
+            if (inst == null) {
 
-            logger.info { "Loading trace $it at $path" }
+                val path = baseDir.resolve(key)
 
-            val trace = Trace.open(path, format)
-            val fragments = parseFragments(trace)
-            parseMeta(trace, fragments)
+                logger.info { "Loading trace $key at $path" }
+
+                val trace = Trace.open(path, format)
+                val fragments = parseFragments(trace)
+                val vms = parseMeta(trace, fragments)
+                val interferenceModel = parseInterferenceModel(trace)
+                val instance = ComputeWorkload.Resolved(vms, interferenceModel)
+
+                SoftReference(instance)
+            } else {
+                oldVal
+            }
         }
+
+        return checkNotNull(ref?.get()) { "Memory pressure" }
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/CompositeComputeWorkload.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/CompositeComputeWorkload.kt
index 9b2bec55..1959c48d 100644
--- a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/CompositeComputeWorkload.kt
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/CompositeComputeWorkload.kt
@@ -37,17 +37,17 @@ internal class CompositeComputeWorkload(val sources: Map<ComputeWorkload, Double
      */
     private val logger = KotlinLogging.logger {}
 
-    override fun resolve(loader: ComputeWorkloadLoader, random: Random): List<VirtualMachine> {
+    override fun resolve(loader: ComputeWorkloadLoader, random: Random): ComputeWorkload.Resolved {
         val traces = sources.map { (source, fraction) -> fraction to source.resolve(loader, random) }
 
-        val totalLoad = traces.sumOf { (_, vms) -> vms.sumOf { it.totalLoad } }
+        val totalLoad = traces.sumOf { (_, w) -> w.vms.sumOf { it.totalLoad } }
 
         val res = mutableListOf<VirtualMachine>()
 
-        for ((fraction, vms) in traces) {
+        for ((fraction, w) in traces) {
             var currentLoad = 0.0
 
-            for (entry in vms) {
+            for (entry in w.vms) {
                 val entryLoad = entry.totalLoad
                 if ((currentLoad + entryLoad) / totalLoad > fraction) {
                     break
@@ -58,9 +58,9 @@ internal class CompositeComputeWorkload(val sources: Map<ComputeWorkload, Double
             }
         }
 
-        val vmCount = traces.sumOf { (_, vms) -> vms.size }
+        val vmCount = traces.sumOf { (_, w) -> w.vms.size }
         logger.info { "Sampled $vmCount VMs into subset of ${res.size} VMs" }
 
-        return res
+        return ComputeWorkload.Resolved(res, null)
     }
 }
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/HpcSampledComputeWorkload.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/HpcSampledComputeWorkload.kt
index 52f4c672..84a77f0f 100644
--- a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/HpcSampledComputeWorkload.kt
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/HpcSampledComputeWorkload.kt
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ internal class HpcSampledComputeWorkload(val source: ComputeWorkload, val fracti
      */
     private val pattern = Regex("^(ComputeNode|cn).*")
 
-    override fun resolve(loader: ComputeWorkloadLoader, random: Random): List<VirtualMachine> {
-        val vms = source.resolve(loader, random)
+    override fun resolve(loader: ComputeWorkloadLoader, random: Random): ComputeWorkload.Resolved {
+        val (vms, interferenceModel) = source.resolve(loader, random)
 
         val (hpc, nonHpc) = vms.partition { entry ->
             val name = entry.name
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ internal class HpcSampledComputeWorkload(val source: ComputeWorkload, val fracti
         logger.debug { "Total sampled load: ${hpcLoad + nonHpcLoad}" }
         logger.info { "Sampled ${vms.size} VMs (fraction $fraction) into subset of ${res.size} VMs" }
 
-        return res
+        return ComputeWorkload.Resolved(res, interferenceModel)
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/LoadSampledComputeWorkload.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/LoadSampledComputeWorkload.kt
index ef6de729..bc13560c 100644
--- a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/LoadSampledComputeWorkload.kt
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/LoadSampledComputeWorkload.kt
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ internal class LoadSampledComputeWorkload(val source: ComputeWorkload, val fract
      */
     private val logger = KotlinLogging.logger {}
 
-    override fun resolve(loader: ComputeWorkloadLoader, random: Random): List<VirtualMachine> {
-        val vms = source.resolve(loader, random)
+    override fun resolve(loader: ComputeWorkloadLoader, random: Random): ComputeWorkload.Resolved {
+        val (vms, interferenceModel) = source.resolve(loader, random)
         val res = mutableListOf<VirtualMachine>()
 
         val totalLoad = vms.sumOf { it.totalLoad }
@@ -56,6 +56,6 @@ internal class LoadSampledComputeWorkload(val source: ComputeWorkload, val fract
 
         logger.info { "Sampled ${vms.size} VMs (fraction $fraction) into subset of ${res.size} VMs" }
 
-        return res
+        return ComputeWorkload.Resolved(res, interferenceModel)
     }
 }
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/TraceComputeWorkload.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/TraceComputeWorkload.kt
index c20cb8f3..dc9abaef 100644
--- a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/TraceComputeWorkload.kt
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/TraceComputeWorkload.kt
@@ -24,14 +24,13 @@ package org.opendc.compute.workload.internal
 
 import org.opendc.compute.workload.ComputeWorkload
 import org.opendc.compute.workload.ComputeWorkloadLoader
-import org.opendc.compute.workload.VirtualMachine
 import java.util.*
 
 /**
  * A [ComputeWorkload] from a trace.
  */
 internal class TraceComputeWorkload(val name: String, val format: String) : ComputeWorkload {
-    override fun resolve(loader: ComputeWorkloadLoader, random: Random): List<VirtualMachine> {
+    override fun resolve(loader: ComputeWorkloadLoader, random: Random): ComputeWorkload.Resolved {
         return loader.get(name, format)
     }
 }
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/util/VmInterferenceModelReader.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/util/VmInterferenceModelReader.kt
deleted file mode 100644
index e0fa8904..00000000
--- a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/util/VmInterferenceModelReader.kt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,128 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
- * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
- * SOFTWARE.
- */
-
-package org.opendc.compute.workload.util
-
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParseException
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParser
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonToken
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.kotlin.jacksonObjectMapper
-import org.opendc.simulator.compute.kernel.interference.VmInterferenceModel
-import java.io.File
-import java.io.InputStream
-
-/**
- * A parser for the JSON performance interference setup files used for the TPDS article on Capelin.
- */
-public class VmInterferenceModelReader {
-    /**
-     * The [ObjectMapper] to use.
-     */
-    private val mapper = jacksonObjectMapper()
-
-    /**
-     * Read the performance interface model from [file].
-     */
-    public fun read(file: File): VmInterferenceModel {
-        val builder = VmInterferenceModel.builder()
-        val parser = mapper.createParser(file)
-        parseGroups(parser, builder)
-        return builder.build()
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Read the performance interface model from the input.
-     */
-    public fun read(input: InputStream): VmInterferenceModel {
-        val builder = VmInterferenceModel.builder()
-        val parser = mapper.createParser(input)
-        parseGroups(parser, builder)
-        return builder.build()
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Parse all groups in an interference JSON file.
-     */
-    private fun parseGroups(parser: JsonParser, builder: VmInterferenceModel.Builder) {
-        parser.nextToken()
-
-        if (!parser.isExpectedStartArrayToken) {
-            throw JsonParseException(parser, "Expected array at start, but got ${parser.currentToken()}")
-        }
-
-        while (parser.nextToken() != JsonToken.END_ARRAY) {
-            parseGroup(parser, builder)
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Parse a group an interference JSON file.
-     */
-    private fun parseGroup(parser: JsonParser, builder: VmInterferenceModel.Builder) {
-        var targetLoad = Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY
-        var score = 1.0
-        val members = mutableSetOf<String>()
-
-        if (!parser.isExpectedStartObjectToken) {
-            throw JsonParseException(parser, "Expected object, but got ${parser.currentToken()}")
-        }
-
-        while (parser.nextValue() != JsonToken.END_OBJECT) {
-            when (parser.currentName) {
-                "vms" -> parseGroupMembers(parser, members)
-                "minServerLoad" -> targetLoad = parser.doubleValue
-                "performanceScore" -> score = parser.doubleValue
-            }
-        }
-
-        builder.addGroup(members, targetLoad, score)
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Parse the members of a group.
-     */
-    private fun parseGroupMembers(parser: JsonParser, members: MutableSet<String>) {
-        if (!parser.isExpectedStartArrayToken) {
-            throw JsonParseException(parser, "Expected array for group members, but got ${parser.currentToken()}")
-        }
-
-        while (parser.nextValue() != JsonToken.END_ARRAY) {
-            if (parser.currentToken() != JsonToken.VALUE_STRING) {
-                throw JsonParseException(parser, "Expected string value for group member")
-            }
-
-            val member = parser.text.removePrefix("vm__workload__").removeSuffix(".txt")
-            members.add(member)
-        }
-    }
-
-    private data class Group(
-        @JsonProperty("minServerLoad")
-        val targetLoad: Double,
-        @JsonProperty("performanceScore")
-        val score: Double,
-        @JsonProperty("vms")
-        val members: Set<String>,
-    )
-}
diff --git a/opendc-experiments/opendc-experiments-capelin/src/jmh/kotlin/org/opendc/experiments/capelin/CapelinBenchmarks.kt b/opendc-experiments/opendc-experiments-capelin/src/jmh/kotlin/org/opendc/experiments/capelin/CapelinBenchmarks.kt
index bb9cb201..83b8c0c6 100644
--- a/opendc-experiments/opendc-experiments-capelin/src/jmh/kotlin/org/opendc/experiments/capelin/CapelinBenchmarks.kt
+++ b/opendc-experiments/opendc-experiments-capelin/src/jmh/kotlin/org/opendc/experiments/capelin/CapelinBenchmarks.kt
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ class CapelinBenchmarks {
     fun setUp() {
         val loader = ComputeWorkloadLoader(File("src/test/resources/trace"))
         val source = trace("bitbrains-small")
-        vms = source.resolve(loader, Random(1L))
+        vms = source.resolve(loader, Random(1L)).vms
         topology = checkNotNull(object {}.javaClass.getResourceAsStream("/env/topology.txt")).use { clusterTopology(it) }
     }
 
diff --git a/opendc-experiments/opendc-experiments-capelin/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/experiments/capelin/Portfolio.kt b/opendc-experiments/opendc-experiments-capelin/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/experiments/capelin/Portfolio.kt
index 6604a190..0bbf1443 100644
--- a/opendc-experiments/opendc-experiments-capelin/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/experiments/capelin/Portfolio.kt
+++ b/opendc-experiments/opendc-experiments-capelin/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/experiments/capelin/Portfolio.kt
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 package org.opendc.experiments.capelin
 
 import com.typesafe.config.ConfigFactory
-import mu.KotlinLogging
 import org.opendc.compute.workload.ComputeServiceHelper
 import org.opendc.compute.workload.ComputeWorkloadLoader
 import org.opendc.compute.workload.createComputeScheduler
@@ -31,7 +30,6 @@ import org.opendc.compute.workload.export.parquet.ParquetComputeMetricExporter
 import org.opendc.compute.workload.grid5000
 import org.opendc.compute.workload.telemetry.SdkTelemetryManager
 import org.opendc.compute.workload.topology.apply
-import org.opendc.compute.workload.util.VmInterferenceModelReader
 import org.opendc.experiments.capelin.model.OperationalPhenomena
 import org.opendc.experiments.capelin.model.Topology
 import org.opendc.experiments.capelin.model.Workload
@@ -52,11 +50,6 @@ import kotlin.math.roundToLong
  */
 abstract class Portfolio(name: String) : Experiment(name) {
     /**
-     * The logger for this portfolio instance.
-     */
-    private val logger = KotlinLogging.logger {}
-
-    /**
      * The configuration to use.
      */
     private val config = ConfigFactory.load().getConfig("opendc.experiments.capelin")
@@ -97,18 +90,13 @@ abstract class Portfolio(name: String) : Experiment(name) {
     override fun doRun(repeat: Int): Unit = runBlockingSimulation {
         val seeder = Random(repeat.toLong())
 
-        val performanceInterferenceModel = if (operationalPhenomena.hasInterference)
-            VmInterferenceModelReader()
-                .read(File(config.getString("interference-model")))
-        else
-            null
-
         val computeScheduler = createComputeScheduler(allocationPolicy, seeder, vmPlacements)
         val failureModel =
             if (operationalPhenomena.failureFrequency > 0)
                 grid5000(Duration.ofSeconds((operationalPhenomena.failureFrequency * 60).roundToLong()))
             else
                 null
+        val (vms, interferenceModel) = workload.source.resolve(workloadLoader, seeder)
         val telemetry = SdkTelemetryManager(clock)
         val runner = ComputeServiceHelper(
             coroutineContext,
@@ -116,7 +104,7 @@ abstract class Portfolio(name: String) : Experiment(name) {
             telemetry,
             computeScheduler,
             failureModel,
-            performanceInterferenceModel?.withSeed(repeat.toLong())
+            interferenceModel?.withSeed(repeat.toLong())
         )
 
         val exporter = ParquetComputeMetricExporter(
@@ -132,8 +120,8 @@ abstract class Portfolio(name: String) : Experiment(name) {
             // Instantiate the desired topology
             runner.apply(topology)
 
-            // Converge the workload trace
-            runner.run(workload.source.resolve(workloadLoader, seeder), seeder.nextLong())
+            // Run the workload trace
+            runner.run(vms, seeder.nextLong())
         } finally {
             runner.close()
         }
diff --git a/opendc-experiments/opendc-experiments-capelin/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/experiments/capelin/CapelinIntegrationTest.kt b/opendc-experiments/opendc-experiments-capelin/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/experiments/capelin/CapelinIntegrationTest.kt
index 891fc8be..01b2a8fe 100644
--- a/opendc-experiments/opendc-experiments-capelin/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/experiments/capelin/CapelinIntegrationTest.kt
+++ b/opendc-experiments/opendc-experiments-capelin/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/experiments/capelin/CapelinIntegrationTest.kt
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ import org.opendc.compute.workload.*
 import org.opendc.compute.workload.telemetry.SdkTelemetryManager
 import org.opendc.compute.workload.topology.Topology
 import org.opendc.compute.workload.topology.apply
-import org.opendc.compute.workload.util.VmInterferenceModelReader
 import org.opendc.experiments.capelin.topology.clusterTopology
 import org.opendc.simulator.core.runBlockingSimulation
 import org.opendc.telemetry.compute.ComputeMetricExporter
@@ -85,7 +84,7 @@ class CapelinIntegrationTest {
      */
     @Test
     fun testLarge() = runBlockingSimulation {
-        val workload = createTestWorkload(1.0)
+        val (workload, _) = createTestWorkload(1.0)
         val telemetry = SdkTelemetryManager(clock)
         val runner = ComputeServiceHelper(
             coroutineContext,
@@ -135,7 +134,7 @@ class CapelinIntegrationTest {
     @Test
     fun testSmall() = runBlockingSimulation {
         val seed = 1
-        val workload = createTestWorkload(0.25, seed)
+        val (workload, _) = createTestWorkload(0.25, seed)
         val telemetry = SdkTelemetryManager(clock)
         val runner = ComputeServiceHelper(
             coroutineContext,
@@ -180,12 +179,7 @@ class CapelinIntegrationTest {
     @Test
     fun testInterference() = runBlockingSimulation {
         val seed = 0
-        val workload = createTestWorkload(1.0, seed)
-        val perfInterferenceInput = checkNotNull(CapelinIntegrationTest::class.java.getResourceAsStream("/bitbrains-perf-interference.json"))
-        val performanceInterferenceModel =
-            VmInterferenceModelReader()
-                .read(perfInterferenceInput)
-                .withSeed(seed.toLong())
+        val (workload, interferenceModel) = createTestWorkload(1.0, seed)
 
         val telemetry = SdkTelemetryManager(clock)
         val simulator = ComputeServiceHelper(
@@ -193,7 +187,7 @@ class CapelinIntegrationTest {
             clock,
             telemetry,
             computeScheduler,
-            interferenceModel = performanceInterferenceModel
+            interferenceModel = interferenceModel?.withSeed(seed.toLong())
         )
         val topology = createTopology("single")
 
@@ -240,7 +234,7 @@ class CapelinIntegrationTest {
             grid5000(Duration.ofDays(7))
         )
         val topology = createTopology("single")
-        val workload = createTestWorkload(0.25, seed)
+        val (workload, _) = createTestWorkload(0.25, seed)
 
         telemetry.registerMetricReader(CoroutineMetricReader(this, exporter))
 
@@ -274,7 +268,7 @@ class CapelinIntegrationTest {
     /**
      * Obtain the trace reader for the test.
      */
-    private fun createTestWorkload(fraction: Double, seed: Int = 0): List<VirtualMachine> {
+    private fun createTestWorkload(fraction: Double, seed: Int = 0): ComputeWorkload.Resolved {
         val source = trace("bitbrains-small").sampleByLoad(fraction)
         return source.resolve(workloadLoader, Random(seed.toLong()))
     }
diff --git a/opendc-experiments/opendc-experiments-capelin/src/test/resources/bitbrains-perf-interference.json b/opendc-experiments/opendc-experiments-capelin/src/test/resources/trace/bitbrains-small/interference-model.json
index 51fc6366..51fc6366 100644
--- a/opendc-experiments/opendc-experiments-capelin/src/test/resources/bitbrains-perf-interference.json
+++ b/opendc-experiments/opendc-experiments-capelin/src/test/resources/trace/bitbrains-small/interference-model.json
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/util/VmInterferenceModelReaderTest.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/conv/InterferenceGroupColumns.kt
index 1c3e7149..532f6d24 100644
--- a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/util/VmInterferenceModelReaderTest.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/conv/InterferenceGroupColumns.kt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
  *
  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
@@ -20,18 +20,26 @@
  * SOFTWARE.
  */
 
-package org.opendc.compute.workload.util
+@file:JvmName("InterferenceGroupColumns")
+package org.opendc.trace.conv
 
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.assertDoesNotThrow
+import org.opendc.trace.TableColumn
+import org.opendc.trace.column
 
 /**
- * Test suite for the [VmInterferenceModelReader] class.
+ * Members of the interference group.
  */
-class VmInterferenceModelReaderTest {
-    @Test
-    fun testSmoke() {
-        val input = checkNotNull(VmInterferenceModelReader::class.java.getResourceAsStream("/perf-interference.json"))
-        assertDoesNotThrow { VmInterferenceModelReader().read(input) }
-    }
-}
+@JvmField
+public val INTERFERENCE_GROUP_MEMBERS: TableColumn<Set<String>> = column("interference_group:members")
+
+/**
+ * Target load after which the interference occurs.
+ */
+@JvmField
+public val INTERFERENCE_GROUP_TARGET: TableColumn<Double> = column("interference_group:target")
+
+/**
+ * Performance score when the interference occurs.
+ */
+@JvmField
+public val INTERFERENCE_GROUP_SCORE: TableColumn<Double> = column("interference_group:score")
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/ResourceColumns.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/conv/ResourceColumns.kt
index f1977945..e9fc5d44 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/ResourceColumns.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/conv/ResourceColumns.kt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
  *
  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
@@ -21,8 +21,10 @@
  */
 
 @file:JvmName("ResourceColumns")
-package org.opendc.trace
+package org.opendc.trace.conv
 
+import org.opendc.trace.TableColumn
+import org.opendc.trace.column
 import java.time.Instant
 
 /**
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/ResourceStateColumns.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/conv/ResourceStateColumns.kt
index 244352ae..d5bbafd7 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/ResourceStateColumns.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/conv/ResourceStateColumns.kt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
  *
  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
@@ -21,8 +21,10 @@
  */
 
 @file:JvmName("ResourceStateColumns")
-package org.opendc.trace
+package org.opendc.trace.conv
 
+import org.opendc.trace.TableColumn
+import org.opendc.trace.column
 import java.time.Duration
 import java.time.Instant
 
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/TableColumns.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/conv/TableColumns.kt
index 31a58360..31a58360 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/TableColumns.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/conv/TableColumns.kt
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/Tables.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/conv/Tables.kt
index bb9d93e2..669ebe58 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/Tables.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/conv/Tables.kt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
  *
  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
  */
 
 @file:JvmName("Tables")
-package org.opendc.trace
+package org.opendc.trace.conv
 
 /**
  * A table containing all workflows in a workload.
@@ -42,3 +42,8 @@ public const val TABLE_RESOURCES: String = "resources"
  * A table containing all resource states in a workload.
  */
 public const val TABLE_RESOURCE_STATES: String = "resource_states"
+
+/**
+ * A table containing the groups of resources that interfere when run on the same execution platform.
+ */
+public const val TABLE_INTERFERENCE_GROUPS: String = "interference_groups"
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/TaskColumns.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/conv/TaskColumns.kt
index d103bce4..397c0794 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/TaskColumns.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-api/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/conv/TaskColumns.kt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
  *
  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
@@ -21,8 +21,10 @@
  */
 
 @file:JvmName("TaskColumns")
-package org.opendc.trace
+package org.opendc.trace.conv
 
+import org.opendc.trace.TableColumn
+import org.opendc.trace.column
 import java.time.Duration
 import java.time.Instant
 
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceStateTableReader.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceStateTableReader.kt
index 94a91999..3132b1d9 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceStateTableReader.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceStateTableReader.kt
@@ -26,6 +26,9 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonToken
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvParser
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvSchema
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.RESOURCE_ID
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.RESOURCE_STATE_CPU_USAGE_PCT
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.RESOURCE_STATE_TIMESTAMP
 import java.time.Instant
 
 /**
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceTableReader.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceTableReader.kt
index 6246dc35..154a37e4 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceTableReader.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureResourceTableReader.kt
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonToken
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvParser
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvSchema
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import java.time.Instant
 
 /**
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTraceFormat.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTraceFormat.kt
index c9982877..8e3e60cc 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTraceFormat.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTraceFormat.kt
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ package org.opendc.trace.azure
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvFactory
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvParser
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import org.opendc.trace.spi.TableDetails
 import org.opendc.trace.spi.TraceFormat
 import org.opendc.trace.util.CompositeTableReader
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTraceFormatTest.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTraceFormatTest.kt
index eda0b214..56f9a940 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTraceFormatTest.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-azure/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/azure/AzureTraceFormatTest.kt
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ package org.opendc.trace.azure
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.assertThrows
-import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import java.nio.file.Paths
 
 /**
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsExResourceStateTableReader.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsExResourceStateTableReader.kt
index c1b6f5ba..1e1d1a09 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsExResourceStateTableReader.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsExResourceStateTableReader.kt
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 package org.opendc.trace.bitbrains
 
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import java.io.BufferedReader
 import java.time.Instant
 
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsExTraceFormat.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsExTraceFormat.kt
index 20222c8a..11d21a04 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsExTraceFormat.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsExTraceFormat.kt
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 package org.opendc.trace.bitbrains
 
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import org.opendc.trace.spi.TableDetails
 import org.opendc.trace.spi.TraceFormat
 import org.opendc.trace.util.CompositeTableReader
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsResourceStateTableReader.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsResourceStateTableReader.kt
index 3a8839b4..214fd749 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsResourceStateTableReader.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsResourceStateTableReader.kt
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonToken
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvParser
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvSchema
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import java.text.NumberFormat
 import java.time.Instant
 import java.time.LocalDateTime
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsResourceTableReader.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsResourceTableReader.kt
index 3701994a..55f09f43 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsResourceTableReader.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsResourceTableReader.kt
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ package org.opendc.trace.bitbrains
 
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvFactory
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.RESOURCE_ID
 import java.nio.file.Path
 
 /**
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsTraceFormat.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsTraceFormat.kt
index 3885c931..e1e7604a 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsTraceFormat.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsTraceFormat.kt
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ package org.opendc.trace.bitbrains
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvFactory
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvParser
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import org.opendc.trace.spi.TableDetails
 import org.opendc.trace.spi.TraceFormat
 import org.opendc.trace.util.CompositeTableReader
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsExTraceFormatTest.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsExTraceFormatTest.kt
index d734cf5f..77429e3e 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsExTraceFormatTest.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsExTraceFormatTest.kt
@@ -25,7 +25,9 @@ package org.opendc.trace.bitbrains
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.assertThrows
-import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.RESOURCE_STATE_CPU_USAGE
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.RESOURCE_STATE_TIMESTAMP
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.TABLE_RESOURCE_STATES
 import java.nio.file.Paths
 
 /**
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsTraceFormatTest.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsTraceFormatTest.kt
index 41e7def2..9309beb1 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsTraceFormatTest.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-bitbrains/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/bitbrains/BitbrainsTraceFormatTest.kt
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ package org.opendc.trace.bitbrains
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.assertThrows
-import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import java.nio.file.Paths
 
 /**
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-gwf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/gwf/GwfTaskTableReader.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-gwf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/gwf/GwfTaskTableReader.kt
index 7f01ef2b..42a9469e 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-gwf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/gwf/GwfTaskTableReader.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-gwf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/gwf/GwfTaskTableReader.kt
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonToken
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvParser
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvSchema
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import java.time.Duration
 import java.time.Instant
 import java.util.regex.Pattern
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-gwf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/gwf/GwfTraceFormat.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-gwf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/gwf/GwfTraceFormat.kt
index d4287420..63688523 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-gwf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/gwf/GwfTraceFormat.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-gwf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/gwf/GwfTraceFormat.kt
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ package org.opendc.trace.gwf
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvFactory
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvParser
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import org.opendc.trace.spi.TableDetails
 import org.opendc.trace.spi.TraceFormat
 import java.nio.file.Path
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-gwf/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/gwf/GwfTraceFormatTest.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-gwf/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/gwf/GwfTraceFormatTest.kt
index 5dfd02a1..9bf28ad7 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-gwf/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/gwf/GwfTraceFormatTest.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-gwf/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/gwf/GwfTraceFormatTest.kt
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ package org.opendc.trace.gwf
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.*
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*
-import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import java.nio.file.Paths
 import java.time.Duration
 import java.time.Instant
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmInterferenceJsonTableReader.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmInterferenceJsonTableReader.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..eb91e305
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmInterferenceJsonTableReader.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.trace.opendc
+
+import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.INTERFERENCE_GROUP_MEMBERS
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.INTERFERENCE_GROUP_SCORE
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.INTERFERENCE_GROUP_TARGET
+import shaded.parquet.com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParseException
+import shaded.parquet.com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParser
+import shaded.parquet.com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonToken
+
+/**
+ * A [TableReader] implementation for the OpenDC VM interference JSON format.
+ */
+internal class OdcVmInterferenceJsonTableReader(private val parser: JsonParser) : TableReader {
+    /**
+     * A flag to indicate whether a single row has been read already.
+     */
+    private var isStarted = false
+
+    override fun nextRow(): Boolean {
+        if (!isStarted) {
+            isStarted = true
+
+            parser.nextToken()
+
+            if (!parser.isExpectedStartArrayToken) {
+                throw JsonParseException(parser, "Expected array at start, but got ${parser.currentToken()}")
+            }
+        }
+
+        return if (parser.nextToken() != JsonToken.END_ARRAY) {
+            parseGroup(parser)
+            true
+        } else {
+            reset()
+            false
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun resolve(column: TableColumn<*>): Int {
+        return when (column) {
+            INTERFERENCE_GROUP_MEMBERS -> COL_MEMBERS
+            INTERFERENCE_GROUP_TARGET -> COL_TARGET
+            INTERFERENCE_GROUP_SCORE -> COL_SCORE
+            else -> -1
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun isNull(index: Int): Boolean {
+        return when (index) {
+            COL_MEMBERS, COL_TARGET, COL_SCORE -> false
+            else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column index $index")
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun get(index: Int): Any {
+        return when (index) {
+            COL_MEMBERS -> members
+            COL_TARGET -> targetLoad
+            COL_SCORE -> score
+            else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column $index")
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun getBoolean(index: Int): Boolean {
+        throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column $index")
+    }
+
+    override fun getInt(index: Int): Int {
+        throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column $index")
+    }
+
+    override fun getLong(index: Int): Long {
+        throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column $index")
+    }
+
+    override fun getDouble(index: Int): Double {
+        return when (index) {
+            COL_TARGET -> targetLoad
+            COL_SCORE -> score
+            else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column $index")
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun close() {
+        parser.close()
+    }
+
+    private val COL_MEMBERS = 0
+    private val COL_TARGET = 1
+    private val COL_SCORE = 2
+
+    private var members = emptySet<String>()
+    private var targetLoad = Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY
+    private var score = 1.0
+
+    /**
+     * Reset the state.
+     */
+    private fun reset() {
+        members = emptySet()
+        targetLoad = Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY
+        score = 1.0
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parse a group an interference JSON file.
+     */
+    private fun parseGroup(parser: JsonParser) {
+        var targetLoad = Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY
+        var score = 1.0
+        val members = mutableSetOf<String>()
+
+        if (!parser.isExpectedStartObjectToken) {
+            throw JsonParseException(parser, "Expected object, but got ${parser.currentToken()}")
+        }
+
+        while (parser.nextValue() != JsonToken.END_OBJECT) {
+            when (parser.currentName) {
+                "vms" -> parseGroupMembers(parser, members)
+                "minServerLoad" -> targetLoad = parser.doubleValue
+                "performanceScore" -> score = parser.doubleValue
+            }
+        }
+
+        this.members = members
+        this.targetLoad = targetLoad
+        this.score = score
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Parse the members of a group.
+     */
+    private fun parseGroupMembers(parser: JsonParser, members: MutableSet<String>) {
+        if (!parser.isExpectedStartArrayToken) {
+            throw JsonParseException(parser, "Expected array for group members, but got ${parser.currentToken()}")
+        }
+
+        while (parser.nextValue() != JsonToken.END_ARRAY) {
+            if (parser.currentToken() != JsonToken.VALUE_STRING) {
+                throw JsonParseException(parser, "Expected string value for group member")
+            }
+
+            members.add(parser.text)
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmInterferenceJsonTableWriter.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmInterferenceJsonTableWriter.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..64bc4356
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmInterferenceJsonTableWriter.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.trace.opendc
+
+import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.INTERFERENCE_GROUP_MEMBERS
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.INTERFERENCE_GROUP_SCORE
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.INTERFERENCE_GROUP_TARGET
+import shaded.parquet.com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator
+
+/**
+ * A [TableWriter] implementation for the OpenDC VM interference JSON format.
+ */
+internal class OdcVmInterferenceJsonTableWriter(private val generator: JsonGenerator) : TableWriter {
+    /**
+     * A flag to indicate whether a row has been started.
+     */
+    private var isRowActive = false
+
+    init {
+        generator.writeStartArray()
+    }
+
+    override fun startRow() {
+        // Reset state
+        members = emptySet()
+        targetLoad = Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY
+        score = 1.0
+
+        // Mark row as active
+        isRowActive = true
+    }
+
+    override fun endRow() {
+        check(isRowActive) { "No active row" }
+
+        generator.writeStartObject()
+        generator.writeArrayFieldStart("vms")
+        for (member in members) {
+            generator.writeString(member)
+        }
+        generator.writeEndArray()
+        generator.writeNumberField("minServerLoad", targetLoad)
+        generator.writeNumberField("performanceScore", score)
+        generator.writeEndObject()
+    }
+
+    override fun resolve(column: TableColumn<*>): Int {
+        return when (column) {
+            INTERFERENCE_GROUP_MEMBERS -> COL_MEMBERS
+            INTERFERENCE_GROUP_TARGET -> COL_TARGET
+            INTERFERENCE_GROUP_SCORE -> COL_SCORE
+            else -> -1
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun set(index: Int, value: Any) {
+        check(isRowActive) { "No active row" }
+
+        @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
+        when (index) {
+            COL_MEMBERS -> members = value as Set<String>
+            COL_TARGET -> targetLoad = (value as Number).toDouble()
+            COL_SCORE -> score = (value as Number).toDouble()
+            else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column index $index")
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun setBoolean(index: Int, value: Boolean) {
+        throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column $index")
+    }
+
+    override fun setInt(index: Int, value: Int) {
+        throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column $index")
+    }
+
+    override fun setLong(index: Int, value: Long) {
+        throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column $index")
+    }
+
+    override fun setDouble(index: Int, value: Double) {
+        check(isRowActive) { "No active row" }
+
+        when (index) {
+            COL_TARGET -> targetLoad = (value as Number).toDouble()
+            COL_SCORE -> score = (value as Number).toDouble()
+            else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Invalid column $index")
+        }
+    }
+
+    override fun flush() {
+        generator.flush()
+    }
+
+    override fun close() {
+        generator.writeEndArray()
+        generator.close()
+    }
+
+    private val COL_MEMBERS = 0
+    private val COL_TARGET = 1
+    private val COL_SCORE = 2
+
+    private var members = emptySet<String>()
+    private var targetLoad = Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY
+    private var score = 1.0
+}
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmResourceStateTableReader.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmResourceStateTableReader.kt
index b5043f82..b82da888 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmResourceStateTableReader.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmResourceStateTableReader.kt
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ package org.opendc.trace.opendc
 import org.apache.avro.Schema
 import org.apache.avro.generic.GenericRecord
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import org.opendc.trace.util.parquet.LocalParquetReader
 import java.time.Duration
 import java.time.Instant
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmResourceStateTableWriter.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmResourceStateTableWriter.kt
index 15a8cb85..01b9750c 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmResourceStateTableWriter.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmResourceStateTableWriter.kt
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import org.apache.avro.generic.GenericRecord
 import org.apache.avro.generic.GenericRecordBuilder
 import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.ParquetWriter
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import java.time.Duration
 import java.time.Instant
 
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmResourceTableReader.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmResourceTableReader.kt
index ffbdc440..4909e70e 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmResourceTableReader.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmResourceTableReader.kt
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ package org.opendc.trace.opendc
 import org.apache.avro.Schema
 import org.apache.avro.generic.GenericRecord
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import org.opendc.trace.util.parquet.LocalParquetReader
 import java.time.Instant
 
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmResourceTableWriter.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmResourceTableWriter.kt
index 4b66a86f..edc89ee6 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmResourceTableWriter.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmResourceTableWriter.kt
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import org.apache.avro.generic.GenericRecord
 import org.apache.avro.generic.GenericRecordBuilder
 import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.ParquetWriter
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import java.time.Instant
 import kotlin.math.roundToLong
 
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmTraceFormat.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmTraceFormat.kt
index 886f3d54..36a1b4a0 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmTraceFormat.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmTraceFormat.kt
@@ -29,19 +29,28 @@ import org.apache.parquet.avro.AvroParquetWriter
 import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.ParquetFileWriter
 import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.metadata.CompressionCodecName
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import org.opendc.trace.spi.TableDetails
 import org.opendc.trace.spi.TraceFormat
 import org.opendc.trace.util.parquet.LocalOutputFile
 import org.opendc.trace.util.parquet.LocalParquetReader
 import org.opendc.trace.util.parquet.TIMESTAMP_SCHEMA
+import shaded.parquet.com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonEncoding
+import shaded.parquet.com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonFactory
 import java.nio.file.Files
 import java.nio.file.Path
+import kotlin.io.path.exists
 
 /**
  * A [TraceFormat] implementation of the OpenDC virtual machine trace format.
  */
 public class OdcVmTraceFormat : TraceFormat {
     /**
+     * A [JsonFactory] that is used to parse the JSON-based interference model.
+     */
+    private val jsonFactory = JsonFactory()
+
+    /**
      * The name of this trace format.
      */
     override val name: String = "opendc-vm"
@@ -58,7 +67,7 @@ public class OdcVmTraceFormat : TraceFormat {
         }
     }
 
-    override fun getTables(path: Path): List<String> = listOf(TABLE_RESOURCES, TABLE_RESOURCE_STATES)
+    override fun getTables(path: Path): List<String> = listOf(TABLE_RESOURCES, TABLE_RESOURCE_STATES, TABLE_INTERFERENCE_GROUPS)
 
     override fun getDetails(path: Path, table: String): TableDetails {
         return when (table) {
@@ -82,6 +91,13 @@ public class OdcVmTraceFormat : TraceFormat {
                 ),
                 listOf(RESOURCE_ID, RESOURCE_STATE_TIMESTAMP)
             )
+            TABLE_INTERFERENCE_GROUPS -> TableDetails(
+                listOf(
+                    INTERFERENCE_GROUP_MEMBERS,
+                    INTERFERENCE_GROUP_TARGET,
+                    INTERFERENCE_GROUP_SCORE,
+                )
+            )
             else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Table $table not supported")
         }
     }
@@ -96,6 +112,15 @@ public class OdcVmTraceFormat : TraceFormat {
                 val reader = LocalParquetReader<GenericRecord>(path.resolve("trace.parquet"))
                 OdcVmResourceStateTableReader(reader)
             }
+            TABLE_INTERFERENCE_GROUPS -> {
+                val modelPath = path.resolve("interference-model.json")
+                val parser = if (modelPath.exists())
+                    jsonFactory.createParser(modelPath.toFile())
+                else
+                    jsonFactory.createParser("[]") // If model does not exist, return empty model
+
+                OdcVmInterferenceJsonTableReader(parser)
+            }
             else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Table $table not supported")
         }
     }
@@ -122,6 +147,10 @@ public class OdcVmTraceFormat : TraceFormat {
                     .build()
                 OdcVmResourceStateTableWriter(writer, schema)
             }
+            TABLE_INTERFERENCE_GROUPS -> {
+                val generator = jsonFactory.createGenerator(path.resolve("interference-model.json").toFile(), JsonEncoding.UTF8)
+                OdcVmInterferenceJsonTableWriter(generator)
+            }
             else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Table $table not supported")
         }
     }
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmTraceFormatTest.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmTraceFormatTest.kt
index bfe0f881..c8742624 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmTraceFormatTest.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/opendc/OdcVmTraceFormatTest.kt
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import org.junit.jupiter.api.assertDoesNotThrow
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.assertThrows
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.ValueSource
-import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import java.nio.file.Paths
 
 /**
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ internal class OdcVmTraceFormatTest {
     fun testTables() {
         val path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/trace-v2.1")
 
-        assertEquals(listOf(TABLE_RESOURCES, TABLE_RESOURCE_STATES), format.getTables(path))
+        assertEquals(listOf(TABLE_RESOURCES, TABLE_RESOURCE_STATES, TABLE_INTERFERENCE_GROUPS), format.getTables(path))
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -93,4 +93,33 @@ internal class OdcVmTraceFormatTest {
 
         reader.close()
     }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testInterferenceGroups() {
+        val path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/trace-v2.1")
+        val reader = format.newReader(path, TABLE_INTERFERENCE_GROUPS)
+
+        assertAll(
+            { assertTrue(reader.nextRow()) },
+            { assertEquals(setOf("1019", "1023", "1052"), reader.get(INTERFERENCE_GROUP_MEMBERS)) },
+            { assertEquals(0.0, reader.get(INTERFERENCE_GROUP_TARGET)) },
+            { assertEquals(0.8830158730158756, reader.get(INTERFERENCE_GROUP_SCORE)) },
+            { assertTrue(reader.nextRow()) },
+            { assertEquals(setOf("1023", "1052", "1073"), reader.get(INTERFERENCE_GROUP_MEMBERS)) },
+            { assertEquals(0.0, reader.get(INTERFERENCE_GROUP_TARGET)) },
+            { assertEquals(0.7133055555552751, reader.get(INTERFERENCE_GROUP_SCORE)) },
+            { assertFalse(reader.nextRow()) }
+        )
+
+        reader.close()
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun testInterferenceGroupsEmpty() {
+        val path = Paths.get("src/test/resources/trace-v2.0")
+        val reader = format.newReader(path, TABLE_INTERFERENCE_GROUPS)
+
+        assertFalse(reader.nextRow())
+        reader.close()
+    }
 }
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/test/resources/perf-interference.json b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/test/resources/trace-v2.1/interference-model.json
index 1be5852b..6a0616d9 100644
--- a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/test/resources/perf-interference.json
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-opendc/src/test/resources/trace-v2.1/interference-model.json
@@ -1,20 +1,18 @@
 [
     {
         "vms": [
-            "vm_a",
-            "vm_c",
-            "vm_x",
-            "vm_y"
+            "1019",
+            "1023",
+            "1052"
         ],
         "minServerLoad": 0.0,
         "performanceScore": 0.8830158730158756
     },
     {
         "vms": [
-            "vm_a",
-            "vm_b",
-            "vm_c",
-            "vm_d"
+            "1023",
+            "1052",
+            "1073"
         ],
         "minServerLoad": 0.0,
         "performanceScore": 0.7133055555552751
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-swf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/swf/SwfTaskTableReader.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-swf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/swf/SwfTaskTableReader.kt
index 2f6ea6ee..40b604c3 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-swf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/swf/SwfTaskTableReader.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-swf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/swf/SwfTaskTableReader.kt
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 package org.opendc.trace.swf
 
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import java.io.BufferedReader
 import java.time.Duration
 import java.time.Instant
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-swf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/swf/SwfTraceFormat.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-swf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/swf/SwfTraceFormat.kt
index 1fd076d5..b969f3ef 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-swf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/swf/SwfTraceFormat.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-swf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/swf/SwfTraceFormat.kt
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 package org.opendc.trace.swf
 
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import org.opendc.trace.spi.TableDetails
 import org.opendc.trace.spi.TraceFormat
 import java.nio.file.Path
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-swf/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/swf/SwfTraceFormatTest.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-swf/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/swf/SwfTraceFormatTest.kt
index 4dcd43f6..1698f644 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-swf/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/swf/SwfTraceFormatTest.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-swf/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/swf/SwfTraceFormatTest.kt
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ package org.opendc.trace.swf
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.*
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*
-import org.opendc.trace.TABLE_TASKS
-import org.opendc.trace.TASK_ALLOC_NCPUS
-import org.opendc.trace.TASK_ID
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.TABLE_TASKS
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.TASK_ALLOC_NCPUS
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.TASK_ID
 import java.nio.file.Paths
 
 /**
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-tools/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/tools/TraceConverter.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-tools/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/tools/TraceConverter.kt
index 5088b044..c71035d4 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-tools/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/tools/TraceConverter.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-tools/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/tools/TraceConverter.kt
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import com.github.ajalt.clikt.parameters.options.*
 import com.github.ajalt.clikt.parameters.types.*
 import mu.KotlinLogging
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import java.io.File
 import java.time.Duration
 import java.time.Instant
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wfformat/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wfformat/WfFormatTaskTableReader.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wfformat/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wfformat/WfFormatTaskTableReader.kt
index 7f378d80..d8eafa9c 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wfformat/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wfformat/WfFormatTaskTableReader.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wfformat/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wfformat/WfFormatTaskTableReader.kt
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParseException
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParser
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonToken
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import java.time.Duration
 import kotlin.math.roundToInt
 
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wfformat/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wfformat/WfFormatTraceFormat.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wfformat/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wfformat/WfFormatTraceFormat.kt
index c75e3cbb..bc175b58 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wfformat/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wfformat/WfFormatTraceFormat.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wfformat/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wfformat/WfFormatTraceFormat.kt
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ package org.opendc.trace.wfformat
 
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonFactory
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import org.opendc.trace.spi.TableDetails
 import org.opendc.trace.spi.TraceFormat
 import java.nio.file.Path
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wfformat/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wfformat/WfFormatTaskTableReaderTest.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wfformat/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wfformat/WfFormatTaskTableReaderTest.kt
index b07f27ed..e27bc82c 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wfformat/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wfformat/WfFormatTaskTableReaderTest.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wfformat/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wfformat/WfFormatTaskTableReaderTest.kt
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.assertDoesNotThrow
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.assertThrows
-import org.opendc.trace.TASK_ID
-import org.opendc.trace.TASK_PARENTS
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.TASK_ID
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.TASK_PARENTS
 
 /**
  * Test suite for the [WfFormatTaskTableReader] class.
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wfformat/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wfformat/WfFormatTraceFormatTest.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wfformat/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wfformat/WfFormatTraceFormatTest.kt
index 217b175d..710de88e 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wfformat/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wfformat/WfFormatTraceFormatTest.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wfformat/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wfformat/WfFormatTraceFormatTest.kt
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.assertDoesNotThrow
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.assertThrows
-import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import java.nio.file.Paths
 
 /**
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wtf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wtf/WtfTaskTableReader.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wtf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wtf/WtfTaskTableReader.kt
index 45ec25dd..1e332aca 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wtf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wtf/WtfTaskTableReader.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wtf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wtf/WtfTaskTableReader.kt
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ package org.opendc.trace.wtf
 import org.apache.avro.Schema
 import org.apache.avro.generic.GenericRecord
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import org.opendc.trace.util.parquet.LocalParquetReader
 import java.time.Duration
 import java.time.Instant
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wtf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wtf/WtfTraceFormat.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wtf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wtf/WtfTraceFormat.kt
index ef88d295..c8f9ecaa 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wtf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wtf/WtfTraceFormat.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wtf/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wtf/WtfTraceFormat.kt
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ package org.opendc.trace.wtf
 
 import org.apache.avro.generic.GenericRecord
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import org.opendc.trace.spi.TableDetails
 import org.opendc.trace.spi.TraceFormat
 import org.opendc.trace.util.parquet.LocalParquetReader
diff --git a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wtf/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wtf/WtfTraceFormatTest.kt b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wtf/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wtf/WtfTraceFormatTest.kt
index 09c3703a..0f0e422d 100644
--- a/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wtf/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wtf/WtfTraceFormatTest.kt
+++ b/opendc-trace/opendc-trace-wtf/src/test/kotlin/org/opendc/trace/wtf/WtfTraceFormatTest.kt
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ package org.opendc.trace.wtf
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.assertThrows
-import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import java.nio.file.Paths
 import java.time.Duration
 import java.time.Instant
@@ -69,7 +69,14 @@ class WtfTraceFormatTest {
             { assertEquals("1078341553348591493", reader.get(TASK_WORKFLOW_ID)) },
             { assertEquals(Instant.ofEpochMilli(245604), reader.get(TASK_SUBMIT_TIME)) },
             { assertEquals(Duration.ofMillis(8163), reader.get(TASK_RUNTIME)) },
-            { assertEquals(setOf("584055316413447529", "133113685133695608", "1008582348422865408"), reader.get(TASK_PARENTS)) },
+            {
+                assertEquals(
+                    setOf("584055316413447529", "133113685133695608", "1008582348422865408"),
+                    reader.get(
+                        TASK_PARENTS
+                    )
+                )
+            },
         )
 
         assertAll(
@@ -78,7 +85,14 @@ class WtfTraceFormatTest {
             { assertEquals("1078341553348591493", reader.get(TASK_WORKFLOW_ID)) },
             { assertEquals(Instant.ofEpochMilli(251325), reader.get(TASK_SUBMIT_TIME)) },
             { assertEquals(Duration.ofMillis(8216), reader.get(TASK_RUNTIME)) },
-            { assertEquals(setOf("584055316413447529", "133113685133695608", "1008582348422865408"), reader.get(TASK_PARENTS)) },
+            {
+                assertEquals(
+                    setOf("584055316413447529", "133113685133695608", "1008582348422865408"),
+                    reader.get(
+                        TASK_PARENTS
+                    )
+                )
+            },
         )
 
         reader.close()
diff --git a/opendc-web/opendc-web-runner/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/web/runner/OpenDCRunner.kt b/opendc-web/opendc-web-runner/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/web/runner/OpenDCRunner.kt
index bd770574..a150de4e 100644
--- a/opendc-web/opendc-web-runner/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/web/runner/OpenDCRunner.kt
+++ b/opendc-web/opendc-web-runner/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/web/runner/OpenDCRunner.kt
@@ -28,8 +28,6 @@ import org.opendc.compute.workload.telemetry.SdkTelemetryManager
 import org.opendc.compute.workload.topology.HostSpec
 import org.opendc.compute.workload.topology.Topology
 import org.opendc.compute.workload.topology.apply
-import org.opendc.compute.workload.util.VmInterferenceModelReader
-import org.opendc.simulator.compute.kernel.interference.VmInterferenceModel
 import org.opendc.simulator.compute.model.MachineModel
 import org.opendc.simulator.compute.model.MemoryUnit
 import org.opendc.simulator.compute.model.ProcessingNode
@@ -145,21 +143,8 @@ public class OpenDCRunner(
             val heartbeat = scheduler.scheduleWithFixedDelay({ manager.heartbeat(id) }, 0, heartbeatInterval.toMillis(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
 
             try {
-                logger.debug { "Constructing performance interference model" }
-
-                val interferenceModel = let {
-                    val path = tracePath.resolve(scenario.workload.trace.id).resolve("performance-interference-model.json")
-                    val enabled = scenario.phenomena.interference
-
-                    if (!enabled || !path.exists()) {
-                        return@let null
-                    }
-
-                    VmInterferenceModelReader().read(path.inputStream())
-                }
-
                 val topology = convertTopology(scenario.topology)
-                val jobs = (0 until scenario.portfolio.targets.repeats).map { repeat -> SimulationTask(scenario, repeat, topology, interferenceModel) }
+                val jobs = (0 until scenario.portfolio.targets.repeats).map { repeat -> SimulationTask(scenario, repeat, topology) }
                 val results = invokeAll(jobs)
 
                 logger.info { "Finished simulation for job $id" }
@@ -190,13 +175,11 @@ public class OpenDCRunner(
      * @param scenario The scenario to simulate.
      * @param repeat The repeat number used to seed the simulation.
      * @param topology The topology to simulate.
-     * @param interferenceModel The [VmInterferenceModel] used in this scenario.
      */
     private inner class SimulationTask(
         private val scenario: Scenario,
         private val repeat: Int,
         private val topology: Topology,
-        private val interferenceModel: VmInterferenceModel?
     ) : RecursiveTask<WebComputeMetricExporter.Results>() {
         override fun compute(): WebComputeMetricExporter.Results {
             val exporter = WebComputeMetricExporter()
@@ -215,6 +198,7 @@ public class OpenDCRunner(
                     val phenomena = scenario.phenomena
                     val computeScheduler = createComputeScheduler(scenario.schedulerName, seeder)
                     val workload = trace(workloadName).sampleByLoad(workloadFraction)
+                    val (vms, interferenceModel) = workload.resolve(workloadLoader, seeder)
 
                     val failureModel =
                         if (phenomena.failures)
@@ -229,7 +213,7 @@ public class OpenDCRunner(
                         telemetry,
                         computeScheduler,
                         failureModel,
-                        interferenceModel
+                        interferenceModel.takeIf { phenomena.interference }
                     )
 
                     telemetry.registerMetricReader(CoroutineMetricReader(this, exporter, exportInterval = Duration.ofHours(1)))
@@ -238,7 +222,7 @@ public class OpenDCRunner(
                         // Instantiate the topology onto the simulator
                         simulator.apply(topology)
                         // Run workload trace
-                        simulator.run(workload.resolve(workloadLoader, seeder), seeder.nextLong())
+                        simulator.run(vms, seeder.nextLong())
 
                         val serviceMetrics = collectServiceMetrics(telemetry.metricProducer)
                         logger.debug {
diff --git a/opendc-workflow/opendc-workflow-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/workflow/workload/TraceHelpers.kt b/opendc-workflow/opendc-workflow-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/workflow/workload/TraceHelpers.kt
index 73995d08..3aa4463c 100644
--- a/opendc-workflow/opendc-workflow-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/workflow/workload/TraceHelpers.kt
+++ b/opendc-workflow/opendc-workflow-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/workflow/workload/TraceHelpers.kt
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ package org.opendc.workflow.workload
 
 import org.opendc.simulator.compute.workload.SimFlopsWorkload
 import org.opendc.trace.*
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.*
 import org.opendc.workflow.api.Job
 import org.opendc.workflow.api.Task
 import org.opendc.workflow.api.WORKFLOW_TASK_CORES