feat: added the problem statement slde

14 files changed, 468 insertions, 174 deletions

diff --git a/build/main.aux b/build/main.aux
index c097319..05ee9ef 100644
--- a/build/main.aux
+++ b/build/main.aux
@@ -11,6 +11,15 @@
 \citation{DBLP:journals/computer/AthavaleBBMMPS24}
 \@writefile{nav}{\headcommand {\slideentry {0}{0}{2}{2/2}{}{0}}}
 \@writefile{nav}{\headcommand {\beamer@framepages {2}{2}}}
+\citation{DBLP:journals/computer/AthavaleBBMMPS24}
+\citation{DBLP:usdoe/report/AP26894}
+\citation{DBLP:conf/sc/BrewerMKWBHSGGW24}
+\citation{DBLP:conf/noms/ZhangZLZWC22}
+\citation{DBLP:conf/sc/TaheriBPRHDEWPM24}
+\citation{DBLP:conf/sensys/LiW0Z0T23}
+\citation{DBLP:conf/sensys/CaoW0022}
+\citation{DBLP:conf/sigcomm/HongWDSSHZY21}
+\citation{DBLP:conf/sensys/WangZD0TCWZ20}
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@@ -21,18 +30,39 @@
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 \@writefile{nav}{\headcommand {\slideentry {0}{0}{7}{7/7}{}{0}}}
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 \bibstyle{is-plain}
 \bibdata{main.bib}
 \bibcite{DBLP:journals/computer/AthavaleBBMMPS24}{\hyperlink {beamerbibDBLP:journals/computer/AthavaleBBMMPS24}{1}}
-\bibcite{DBLP:image/48Microprocessor/Rupp}{\hyperlink {beamerbibDBLP:image/48Microprocessor/Rupp}{2}}
-\bibcite{DBLP:conf/date/MilojicicFDR21}{\hyperlink {beamerbibDBLP:conf/date/MilojicicFDR21}{3}}
-\@writefile{nav}{\headcommand {\slideentry {0}{0}{8}{8/8}{}{0}}}
-\@writefile{nav}{\headcommand {\beamer@framepages {8}{8}}}
+\bibcite{DBLP:conf/sc/BrewerMKWBHSGGW24}{\hyperlink {beamerbibDBLP:conf/sc/BrewerMKWBHSGGW24}{2}}
+\bibcite{DBLP:conf/sensys/CaoW0022}{\hyperlink {beamerbibDBLP:conf/sensys/CaoW0022}{3}}
+\bibcite{DBLP:conf/sigcomm/HongWDSSHZY21}{\hyperlink {beamerbibDBLP:conf/sigcomm/HongWDSSHZY21}{4}}
+\bibcite{DBLP:image/48Microprocessor/Rupp}{\hyperlink {beamerbibDBLP:image/48Microprocessor/Rupp}{5}}
+\bibcite{DBLP:journals/corr/IosupKLVG22}{\hyperlink {beamerbibDBLP:journals/corr/IosupKLVG22}{6}}
+\bibcite{DBLP:conf/sensys/LiW0Z0T23}{\hyperlink {beamerbibDBLP:conf/sensys/LiW0Z0T23}{7}}
+\bibcite{DBLP:conf/date/MilojicicFDR21}{\hyperlink {beamerbibDBLP:conf/date/MilojicicFDR21}{8}}
+\bibcite{DBLP:usdoe/report/AP26894}{\hyperlink {beamerbibDBLP:usdoe/report/AP26894}{9}}
+\bibcite{DBLP:conf/sc/TaheriBPRHDEWPM24}{\hyperlink {beamerbibDBLP:conf/sc/TaheriBPRHDEWPM24}{10}}
+\bibcite{DBLP:conf/acsos/TalluriOVTI21}{\hyperlink {beamerbibDBLP:conf/acsos/TalluriOVTI21}{11}}
+\bibcite{DBLP:conf/sensys/WangZD0TCWZ20}{\hyperlink {beamerbibDBLP:conf/sensys/WangZD0TCWZ20}{12}}
+\bibcite{DBLP:conf/noms/ZhangZLZWC22}{\hyperlink {beamerbibDBLP:conf/noms/ZhangZLZWC22}{13}}
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-\@writefile{nav}{\headcommand {\gdef \inserttotalframenumber {9}}}
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+\@writefile{nav}{\headcommand {\beamer@framepages {9}{10}}}
+\@writefile{nav}{\headcommand {\slideentry {0}{0}{9}{9/11}{}{0}}}
+\@writefile{nav}{\headcommand {\beamer@framepages {9}{11}}}
+\citation{DBLP:journals/corr/IosupKLVG22}
+\citation{DBLP:conf/acsos/TalluriOVTI21}
+\citation{DBLP:journals/corr/IosupKLVG22}
+\@writefile{nav}{\headcommand {\slideentry {0}{0}{10}{12/12}{}{0}}}
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+\@writefile{nav}{\headcommand {\gdef \inserttotalframenumber {13}}}
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diff --git a/build/main.bbl b/build/main.bbl
index a951f32..92db2dc 100644
--- a/build/main.bbl
+++ b/build/main.bbl
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-\begin{thebibliography}{1}
+\begin{thebibliography}{10}
 \ifx \showCODEN  \undefined \def \showCODEN #1{CODEN #1}  \fi
 \ifx \showISBN   \undefined \def \showISBN  #1{ISBN #1}   \fi
 \ifx \showISSN   \undefined \def \showISSN  #1{ISSN #1}   \fi
@@ -17,15 +17,76 @@ Jyotika Athavale, Cullen~E. Bash, Wesley Brewer, Matthias Maiterth, Dejan~S. Mil
 \newblock {\em Computer}, 57\penalty0 (10):\penalty0 151--158, 2024.
 \newblock \ifshowURL {\showURL \path|https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2024.3436945|}\fi.
 
+\bibitem{DBLP:conf/sc/BrewerMKWBHSGGW24}
+Wesley Brewer, Matthias Maiterth, Vineet Kumar, Rafal~P. Wojda, Sedrick Bouknight, Jesse Hines, Woong Shin, Scott Greenwood, David Grant, Wesley Williams, and Feiyi Wang.
+\newblock A digital twin framework for liquid-cooled supercomputers as demonstrated at exascale.
+\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage, and Analysis, { SC} 2024, Atlanta, GA, USA, November 17-22, 2024}, page~23. {IEEE}, 2024.
+\newblock \ifshowURL {\showURL \path|https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/SC41406.2024.00029|}\fi.
+
+\bibitem{DBLP:conf/sensys/CaoW0022}
+Zhiwei Cao, Ruihang Wang, Xin Zhou, and Yonggang Wen.
+\newblock Reducio: model reduction for data center predictive digital twins via physics-guided machine learning.
+\newblock In Jorge Ortiz, editor, {\em Proceedings of the 9th {ACM} International Conference on Systems for Energy-Efficient Buildings, Cities, and Transportation, BuildSys 2022, Boston, Massachusetts, November 9-10, 2022}, pages 1--10. {ACM}, 2022.
+\newblock \ifshowURL {\showURL \path|https://doi.org/10.1145/3563357.3564050|}\fi.
+
+\bibitem{DBLP:conf/sigcomm/HongWDSSHZY21}
+Hanshu Hong, Qin Wu, Feng Dong, Wei Song, Ronghua Sun, Tao Han, Cheng Zhou, and Hongwei Yang.
+\newblock Netgraph: An intelligent operated digital twin platform for data center networks.
+\newblock In {\em NAI'21: Proceedings of the {ACM} {SIGCOMM} 2021 Workshop on Network-Application Integration, Virtual Event, USA, August 27, 2021}, pages 26--32. {ACM}, 2021.
+\newblock \ifshowURL {\showURL \path|https://doi.org/10.1145/3472727.3472802|}\fi.
+
 \bibitem{DBLP:image/48Microprocessor/Rupp}
 M.~Horowitz, F.~Labonte, O.~Shacham, K.~Olukotun, L.~Hammond, and C.~Batten.
 \newblock 48 years of microprocessor trend data, 2019.
 \newblock \ifshowURL {\showURL \path|https://github.com/karlrupp/microprocessor-trend-data|}\fi.
 
+\bibitem{DBLP:journals/corr/IosupKLVG22}
+Alexandru Iosup, Fernando Kuipers, Ana~Lucia Varbanescu, Paola Grosso, Animesh Trivedi, Jan~S. Rellermeyer, Lin Wang, Alexandru Uta, and Francesco Regazzoni.
+\newblock Future computer systems and networking research in the netherlands: {A} manifesto.
+\newblock {\em CoRR}, abs/2206.03259, 2022.
+\newblock \ifshowURL {\showURL \path|https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2206.03259|}\fi.
+
+\bibitem{DBLP:conf/sensys/LiW0Z0T23}
+Minghao Li, Ruihang Wang, Xin Zhou, Zhaomeng Zhu, Yonggang Wen, and Rui Tan.
+\newblock Chattwin: Toward automated digital twin generation for data center via large language models.
+\newblock In {\em Proceedings of the 10th {ACM} International Conference on Systems for Energy-Efficient Buildings, Cities, and Transportation, BuildSys 2023, Istanbul, Turkey, November 15-16, 2023}, pages 208--211. {ACM}, 2023.
+\newblock \ifshowURL {\showURL \path|https://doi.org/10.1145/3600100.3623719|}\fi.
+
 \bibitem{DBLP:conf/date/MilojicicFDR21}
 Dejan~S. Milojicic, Paolo Faraboschi, Nicolas Dub{\'{e}}, and Duncan Roweth.
 \newblock Future of {HPC:} diversifying heterogeneity.
 \newblock In {\em Design, Automation {\&} Test in Europe Conference {\&} Exhibition, {DATE} 2021, Grenoble, France, February 1-5, 2021}, pages 276--281. {IEEE}, 2021.
 \newblock \ifshowURL {\showURL \path|https://doi.org/10.23919/DATE51398.2021.9474063|}\fi.
 
+\bibitem{DBLP:usdoe/report/AP26894}
+National~Academy of~Engineering, National~Academies of~Sciences~Engineering, and Medicine.
+\newblock Foundational research gaps and future directions for digital twins.
+\newblock {The National Academies Press}, Washington, DC, 2024.
+\newblock \showISBN{978-0-309-70042-9}.
+\newblock \ifshowURL {\showURL \path|https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/26894/foundational-research-gaps-and-future-directions-for-digital-twins|}\fi.
+
+\bibitem{DBLP:conf/sc/TaheriBPRHDEWPM24}
+Ebad Taheri, Pedro Bruel, Pavana Prakash, Gourav Rattihalli, Ninad Hogade, Aditya Dhakal, Rolando P.~Hong Enriquez, Torsten Wilde, Leo Popokh, Dejan~S. Milojicic, and Cullen~E. Bash.
+\newblock Dytwin: Federated adaptive digital twins for data centers - visualization and anomaly detection.
+\newblock In {\em {SC24-W:} Workshops of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis , Atlanta, GA, USA, November 17-22, 2024}, pages 847--852. {IEEE}, 2024.
+\newblock \ifshowURL {\showURL \path|https://doi.org/10.1109/SCW63240.2024.00120|}\fi.
+
+\bibitem{DBLP:conf/acsos/TalluriOVTI21}
+Sacheendra Talluri, Leon Overweel, Laurens Versluis, Animesh Trivedi, and Alexandru Iosup.
+\newblock Empirical characterization of user reports about cloud failures.
+\newblock In Esam El{-}Araby, Vana Kalogeraki, Danilo Pianini, Fr{ \'{e}}d{\'{e}}ric Lassabe, Barry Porter, Sona Ghahremani, Ingrid Nunes, Mohamed Bakhouya, and Sven Tomforde, editors, {\em {IEEE} International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems, {ACSOS} 2021, Washington, DC, USA, September 27 - Oct. 1, 2021}, pages 158--163. {IEEE}, 2021.
+\newblock \ifshowURL {\showURL \path|https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSOS52086.2021.00039|}\fi.
+
+\bibitem{DBLP:conf/sensys/WangZD0TCWZ20}
+Ruihang Wang, Xin Zhou, Linsen Dong, Yonggang Wen, Rui Tan, Li~Chen, Guan Wang, and Feng Zeng.
+\newblock Kalibre: Knowledge-based neural surrogate model calibration for data center digital twins.
+\newblock In {\em BuildSys '20: The 7th {ACM} International Conference on Systems for Energy-Efficient Buildings, Cities, and Transportation, Virtual Event, Japan, November 18-20, 2020}, pages 200--209. {ACM}, 2020.
+\newblock \ifshowURL {\showURL \path|https://doi.org/10.1145/3408308.3427982|}\fi.
+
+\bibitem{DBLP:conf/noms/ZhangZLZWC22}
+Ziting Zhang, Yu~Zeng, Haoran Liu, Chaoyue Zhao, Feng Wang, and Yunqing Chen.
+\newblock Smart {DC:} an {AI} and digital twin-based energy-saving solution for data centers.
+\newblock In {\em 2022 {IEEE/IFIP} Network Operations and Management Symposium, {NOMS} 2022, Budapest, Hungary, April 25-29, 2022}, pages 1--6. {IEEE}, 2022.
+\newblock \ifshowURL {\showURL \path|https://doi.org/10.1109/NOMS54207.2022.9789853|}\fi.
+
 \end{thebibliography}
diff --git a/build/main.blg b/build/main.blg
index 4c6a88b..0cb78fc 100644
--- a/build/main.blg
+++ b/build/main.blg
@@ -5,45 +5,46 @@ The style file: is-plain.bst
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+Warning--empty booktitle in DBLP:usdoe/report/AP26894
+You've used 13 entries,
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+            674 strings with 10560 characters,
+and the built_in function-call counts, 8794 in all, are:
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diff --git a/build/main.fdb_latexmk b/build/main.fdb_latexmk
index da7dc49..8d5fdfc 100644
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diff --git a/build/main.fls b/build/main.fls
index eaafb79..b3115fb 100644
--- a/build/main.fls
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 INPUT /usr/share/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/textcomp.sty
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+INPUT /usr/share/texmf-dist/tex/latex/caption/caption-beamer.sto
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+INPUT /usr/share/texmf-dist/tex/latex/booktabs/booktabs.sty
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+INPUT ./images/IosupLVG22-2_cropped.pdf
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diff --git a/build/main.log b/build/main.log
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diff --git a/build/main.nav b/build/main.nav
index 7ad911c..3a1a017 100644
--- a/build/main.nav
+++ b/build/main.nav
@@ -16,8 +16,16 @@
 \headcommand {\beamer@framepages {8}{8}}
 \headcommand {\slideentry {0}{0}{9}{9/9}{}{0}}
 \headcommand {\beamer@framepages {9}{9}}
-\headcommand {\beamer@partpages {1}{9}}
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-\headcommand {\beamer@sectionpages {1}{9}}
-\headcommand {\beamer@documentpages {9}}
-\headcommand {\gdef \inserttotalframenumber {9}}
+\headcommand {\slideentry {0}{0}{9}{9/10}{}{0}}
+\headcommand {\beamer@framepages {9}{10}}
+\headcommand {\slideentry {0}{0}{9}{9/11}{}{0}}
+\headcommand {\beamer@framepages {9}{11}}
+\headcommand {\slideentry {0}{0}{10}{12/12}{}{0}}
+\headcommand {\beamer@framepages {12}{12}}
+\headcommand {\slideentry {0}{0}{11}{13/13}{}{0}}
+\headcommand {\beamer@framepages {13}{13}}
+\headcommand {\beamer@partpages {1}{13}}
+\headcommand {\beamer@subsectionpages {1}{13}}
+\headcommand {\beamer@sectionpages {1}{13}}
+\headcommand {\beamer@documentpages {13}}
+\headcommand {\gdef \inserttotalframenumber {13}}
diff --git a/build/main.pdf b/build/main.pdf
index b1e38bb..9e31111 100644
--- a/build/main.pdf
+++ b/build/main.pdf
diff --git a/build/main.synctex.gz b/build/main.synctex.gz
index 9223032..e42c98f 100644
--- a/build/main.synctex.gz
+++ b/build/main.synctex.gz
diff --git a/images/IosupLVG22-2_cropped.pdf b/images/IosupLVG22-2_cropped.pdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f566d00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/images/IosupLVG22-2_cropped.pdf
diff --git a/images/table.tex b/images/table.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f20c6f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/images/table.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+\begin{table}
+	\tiny
+	\resizebox{\columnwidth}{!}{
+		\begin{tabular}{lm{0.2\linewidth}m{0.25\linewidth}m{0.3\linewidth}l}
+			\toprule
+			Project                                         & Simulation Technique            & Focus                               & Stakeholders & Highlighted Features \\
+			\midrule
+			ExaDigiT~\cite{DBLP:conf/sc/BrewerMKWBHSGGW24}  & CFD/HT                          & Energy Loss\newline Prediction      &              &                      \\
+			\midrule
+			SmartDC~\cite{DBLP:conf/noms/ZhangZLZWC22}      & CFD/HT, BIM, AI                 & Heat Modelling                      &              &                      \\
+			\midrule
+			DyTwin~\cite{DBLP:conf/sc/TaheriBPRHDEWPM24}    & Gaussian Process Regression, ML & Anomaly Detection                   &              &                      \\
+			\midrule
+			ChatTwin~\cite{DBLP:conf/sensys/LiW0Z0T23}      & \textbf{\footnotesize?}         & Configuration\newline Automation    &              &                      \\
+			\midrule
+			Reducio~\cite{DBLP:conf/sensys/CaoW0022}        & POD                             & Heat and Airflow\newline Prediction &              &                      \\
+			\midrule
+			NetGraph~\cite{DBLP:conf/sigcomm/HongWDSSHZY21} & Graphs                          & Network Management                  &              &                      \\
+			\midrule
+			Kalibre~\cite{DBLP:conf/sensys/WangZD0TCWZ20}   & ML, CFD                         & Heat Modelling                      &              &                      \\
+			\bottomrule
+		\end{tabular}
+	}
+
+\end{table}
+\tiny \textbf{Table 1.1:} Comparison of selected datacenter digital twins. \textbf{Features:} 3D = 3D Visualizations; CH = Cooling/Heat, PE = Power/Energy Consumption, F = Failures, N = Network, FS = FaaS, SE = Scenario Exploration, VP = Virtual Prorotyping, FD = Federation; \textbf{Tools:} AI = Artificial Intelligence, ML = Machine Learning, ODA = Operational Data Analysis; $\dingasterisk$ = Predictive Analysis; $\star$ = Descriptive Analysis, $\blackinwhitediamond$ = Prescriptive Analysis.
diff --git a/indent.log b/indent.log
index ca2069a..0094404 100644
--- a/indent.log
+++ b/indent.log
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 INFO:  latexindent version 3.24.7, 2025-08-15, a script to indent .tex files
        latexindent lives here: /usr/share/texmf-dist/scripts/latexindent/
-       Tue Jun  9 19:10:34 2026
+       Tue Jun  9 20:40:18 2026
        Reading input from STDIN
 INFO:  Processing switches:
 INFO:  Directory for backup files and log file indent.log:
diff --git a/main.tex b/main.tex
index 0e42a6a..95b6bea 100644
--- a/main.tex
+++ b/main.tex
@@ -28,6 +28,11 @@
 \end{frame}
 
 \begin{frame}\frametitle{Problem Statement}
+	\begin{tcolorbox}[title=We need effective tools to manage datacenters]
+		To address the increasing datacenter complexity, Datacenter Digital Twins (DCDT) were proposed~\cite{DBLP:journals/computer/AthavaleBBMMPS24}.
+		However, many DCDT's are not useful in practice, because they lack critical features (\emph{e.g.,} predictive analytics) native to the generic Digital Twin definition~\cite{DBLP:usdoe/report/AP26894}.
+	\end{tcolorbox}
+	\input{images/table.tex}
 \end{frame}
 
 \begin{frame}\frametitle{Research Questions}
@@ -49,24 +54,27 @@
 \end{frame}
 
 
-\begin{frame}\frametitle{System model}
+\begin{frame}\frametitle{Background}
 \end{frame}
 
 
-\begin{frame}\frametitle{Reference Architecture}
+\begin{frame}\frametitle{System Design}
 \end{frame}
 
 
-\begin{frame}\frametitle{Results}
+\begin{frame}\frametitle{Experimental Results}
 \end{frame}
 
-\begin{frame}\frametitle{References}
+\begin{frame}\frametitle{Discussion}
+
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[allowframebreaks]\frametitle{References}
 	\tiny
 	\bibliographystyle{is-plain}
 	\bibliography{main.bib}
 \end{frame}
 
-
 % Unfortunately this must remain here.
 \setbeamercolor{frametitle}{fg=Brown,bg=Brown!20}
 \setbeamertemplate{frametitle}{
@@ -77,6 +85,24 @@
 }
 
 \begin{frame}\frametitle{Extra Slides: Societal Impact}
+	\begin{tcolorbox}[title=Why is this research important today?]
+		Over 3 million jobs in the Netherlands directly depend on cloud services, which are hosted in datacenters~\cite{DBLP:journals/corr/IosupKLVG22}.
+		Already the rapid
+		expansion of datacenters has increased the presence of service failures across all cloud
+		services~\cite{DBLP:conf/acsos/TalluriOVTI21}.
+		We need to act now.
+	\end{tcolorbox}
+	\begin{center}
+		\includegraphics[height=10em]{images/IosupLVG22-2_cropped.pdf}
+	\end{center}
+	\tiny
+	\textbf{Figure E.1:} Horizontally: the most important research areas in computer science in Netherlands.
+	Vertically: qualities we should ensure across all research areas with the most outstanding impact on society.
+	Datacenter manageability is a top-priority~\cite{DBLP:journals/corr/IosupKLVG22}.
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}\frametitle{Extra Slides: Why Digital Twinning?}
+
 
 \end{frame}
 \end{document}
diff --git a/style/style.tex b/style/style.tex
index 4ce35b2..bc5325e 100644
--- a/style/style.tex
+++ b/style/style.tex
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 \usetheme{Rochester}
 \usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
-\usepackage{helvet, textpos, stix}
+\usepackage{helvet, textpos, stix, caption, booktabs, array}
 \definecolor{atlarge-blue}{HTML}{0280c9}
 \usepackage[most]{tcolorbox}
 \title{\emph{Sunfish:} Enabling Predictive Analytics for Datacenters Through Digital Twinning}
-
 \setbeamercolor{title}{bg=atlarge-blue,fg=white}
 \setbeamercolor{frametitle}{bg=atlarge-blue,fg=white}
 \setbeamersize{text margin left = 1em, text margin right = 1em}
@@ -67,3 +66,7 @@
 \newtcolorbox[auto counter]{mybox}[2][]{%
 	title=\textbf{\thetcbcounter}: #2, #1}
 
+\let\tempone\enumerate
+\let\temptwo\endenumerate
+\renewenvironment{enumerate}{\tempone\addtolength{\itemsep}{1.5\baselineskip}}{\temptwo}
+