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-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-service/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/service/scheduler/ComputeSchedulers.kt85
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/build.gradle.kts4
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/MutableServiceRegistry.kt58
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/ServiceRegistry.kt45
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/ServiceRegistryImpl.kt66
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/failure/FailureModel.kt43
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/failure/FailureModels.kt68
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ComputeMonitorProvisioningStep.kt44
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ComputeServiceProvisioningStep.kt49
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ComputeSteps.kt74
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/HostsProvisioningStep.kt75
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/Provisioner.kt98
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ProvisioningContext.kt50
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ProvisioningStep.kt61
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/build.gradle.kts40
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/ComputeMetricReader.kt508
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/ComputeMonitor.kt47
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetComputeMonitor.kt67
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetDataWriter.kt132
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetHostDataWriter.kt233
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetServerDataWriter.kt208
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetServiceDataWriter.kt131
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/Utils.kt38
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/HostInfo.kt28
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/HostTableReader.kt130
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/ServerInfo.kt37
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/ServerTableReader.kt95
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/ServiceData.kt57
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/ServiceTableReader.kt80
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml38
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/build.gradle.kts37
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/topology/ClusterSpec.kt46
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/topology/ClusterSpecReader.kt121
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/topology/HostSpec.kt48
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/topology/TopologyFactories.kt98
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml38
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/build.gradle.kts37
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkload.kt35
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkloadLoader.kt266
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkloads.kt63
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/VirtualMachine.kt54
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/CompositeComputeWorkload.kt66
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/HpcSampledComputeWorkload.kt142
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/LoadSampledComputeWorkload.kt61
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/TraceComputeWorkload.kt37
-rw-r--r--opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml38
46 files changed, 3876 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-service/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/service/scheduler/ComputeSchedulers.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-service/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/service/scheduler/ComputeSchedulers.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2f071c13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-service/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/service/scheduler/ComputeSchedulers.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+@file:JvmName("ComputeSchedulers")
+
+package org.opendc.compute.service.scheduler
+
+import org.opendc.compute.service.scheduler.filters.ComputeFilter
+import org.opendc.compute.service.scheduler.filters.RamFilter
+import org.opendc.compute.service.scheduler.filters.VCpuFilter
+import org.opendc.compute.service.scheduler.weights.CoreRamWeigher
+import org.opendc.compute.service.scheduler.weights.InstanceCountWeigher
+import org.opendc.compute.service.scheduler.weights.RamWeigher
+import org.opendc.compute.service.scheduler.weights.VCpuWeigher
+import java.util.SplittableRandom
+import java.util.random.RandomGenerator
+
+/**
+ * Create a [ComputeScheduler] for the experiment.
+ */
+public fun createComputeScheduler(name: String, seeder: RandomGenerator, placements: Map<String, String> = emptyMap()): ComputeScheduler {
+ val cpuAllocationRatio = 16.0
+ val ramAllocationRatio = 1.5
+ return when (name) {
+ "mem" -> FilterScheduler(
+ filters = listOf(ComputeFilter(), VCpuFilter(cpuAllocationRatio), RamFilter(ramAllocationRatio)),
+ weighers = listOf(RamWeigher(multiplier = 1.0))
+ )
+ "mem-inv" -> FilterScheduler(
+ filters = listOf(ComputeFilter(), VCpuFilter(cpuAllocationRatio), RamFilter(ramAllocationRatio)),
+ weighers = listOf(RamWeigher(multiplier = -1.0))
+ )
+ "core-mem" -> FilterScheduler(
+ filters = listOf(ComputeFilter(), VCpuFilter(cpuAllocationRatio), RamFilter(ramAllocationRatio)),
+ weighers = listOf(CoreRamWeigher(multiplier = 1.0))
+ )
+ "core-mem-inv" -> FilterScheduler(
+ filters = listOf(ComputeFilter(), VCpuFilter(cpuAllocationRatio), RamFilter(ramAllocationRatio)),
+ weighers = listOf(CoreRamWeigher(multiplier = -1.0))
+ )
+ "active-servers" -> FilterScheduler(
+ filters = listOf(ComputeFilter(), VCpuFilter(cpuAllocationRatio), RamFilter(ramAllocationRatio)),
+ weighers = listOf(InstanceCountWeigher(multiplier = -1.0))
+ )
+ "active-servers-inv" -> FilterScheduler(
+ filters = listOf(ComputeFilter(), VCpuFilter(cpuAllocationRatio), RamFilter(ramAllocationRatio)),
+ weighers = listOf(InstanceCountWeigher(multiplier = 1.0))
+ )
+ "provisioned-cores" -> FilterScheduler(
+ filters = listOf(ComputeFilter(), VCpuFilter(cpuAllocationRatio), RamFilter(ramAllocationRatio)),
+ weighers = listOf(VCpuWeigher(cpuAllocationRatio, multiplier = 1.0))
+ )
+ "provisioned-cores-inv" -> FilterScheduler(
+ filters = listOf(ComputeFilter(), VCpuFilter(cpuAllocationRatio), RamFilter(ramAllocationRatio)),
+ weighers = listOf(VCpuWeigher(cpuAllocationRatio, multiplier = -1.0))
+ )
+ "random" -> FilterScheduler(
+ filters = listOf(ComputeFilter(), VCpuFilter(cpuAllocationRatio), RamFilter(ramAllocationRatio)),
+ weighers = emptyList(),
+ subsetSize = Int.MAX_VALUE,
+ random = SplittableRandom(seeder.nextLong())
+ )
+ "replay" -> ReplayScheduler(placements)
+ else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("Unknown policy $name")
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/build.gradle.kts b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/build.gradle.kts
index 72962147..625f278b 100644
--- a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/build.gradle.kts
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/build.gradle.kts
@@ -34,6 +34,10 @@ dependencies {
implementation(projects.opendcCommon)
implementation(libs.kotlin.logging)
+ api(libs.microprofile.config)
+ implementation(project(mapOf("path" to ":opendc-compute:opendc-compute-topology")))
+ implementation(project(mapOf("path" to ":opendc-compute:opendc-compute-telemetry")))
+
testImplementation(projects.opendcSimulator.opendcSimulatorCore)
testRuntimeOnly(libs.slf4j.simple)
}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/MutableServiceRegistry.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/MutableServiceRegistry.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..49b3688e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/MutableServiceRegistry.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.simulator
+
+/**
+ * A mutable [ServiceRegistry].
+ */
+public interface MutableServiceRegistry : ServiceRegistry {
+ /**
+ * Register [service] for the specified [name] in this registry.
+ *
+ * @param name The name of the service to register, which should follow the rules for domain names as defined by
+ * DNS.
+ * @param type The interface provided by the service.
+ * @param service A reference to the actual implementation of the service.
+ */
+ public fun <T : Any> register(name: String, type: Class<T>, service: T)
+
+ /**
+ * Remove the service with [name] and [type] from this registry.
+ *
+ * @param name The name of the service to remove, which should follow the rules for domain names as defined by DNS.
+ * @param type The type of the service to remove.
+ */
+ public fun remove(name: String, type: Class<*>)
+
+ /**
+ * Remove all services registered with [name].
+ *
+ * @param name The name of the services to remove, which should follow the rules for domain names as defined by DNS.
+ */
+ public fun remove(name: String)
+
+ /**
+ * Create a copy of the registry.
+ */
+ public override fun clone(): MutableServiceRegistry
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/ServiceRegistry.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/ServiceRegistry.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d3af3f01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/ServiceRegistry.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.simulator
+
+/**
+ * A read-only registry of services used during experiments to resolve services.
+ *
+ * The service registry is similar conceptually to the Domain Name System (DNS), which is a naming system used to
+ * identify computers reachable via the Internet. The service registry should be used in a similar fashion.
+ */
+public interface ServiceRegistry {
+ /**
+ * Lookup the service with the specified [name] and [type].
+ *
+ * @param name The name of the service to resolve, which should follow the rules for domain names as defined by DNS.
+ * @param type The type of the service to resolve, identified by the interface that is implemented by the service.
+ * @return The service with specified [name] and implementing [type] or `null` if it does not exist.
+ */
+ public fun <T : Any> resolve(name: String, type: Class<T>): T?
+
+ /**
+ * Create a copy of the registry.
+ */
+ public fun clone(): ServiceRegistry
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/ServiceRegistryImpl.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/ServiceRegistryImpl.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a9d05844
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/ServiceRegistryImpl.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.simulator
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of the [MutableServiceRegistry] interface.
+ */
+internal class ServiceRegistryImpl(private val registry: MutableMap<String, MutableMap<Class<*>, Any>> = mutableMapOf()) :
+ MutableServiceRegistry {
+ override fun <T : Any> resolve(name: String, type: Class<T>): T? {
+ val servicesForName = registry[name] ?: return null
+
+ @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
+ return servicesForName[type] as T?
+ }
+
+ override fun <T : Any> register(name: String, type: Class<T>, service: T) {
+ val services = registry.computeIfAbsent(name) { mutableMapOf() }
+
+ if (type in services) {
+ throw IllegalStateException("Duplicate service $type registered for name $name")
+ }
+
+ services[type] = service
+ }
+
+ override fun remove(name: String, type: Class<*>) {
+ val services = registry[name] ?: return
+ services.remove(type)
+ }
+
+ override fun remove(name: String) {
+ registry.remove(name)
+ }
+
+ override fun clone(): MutableServiceRegistry {
+ val res = mutableMapOf<String, MutableMap<Class<*>, Any>>()
+ registry.mapValuesTo(res) { (_, v) -> v.toMutableMap() }
+ return ServiceRegistryImpl(res)
+ }
+
+ override fun toString(): String {
+ val entries = registry.map { "${it.key}=${it.value}" }.joinToString()
+ return "ServiceRegistry{$entries}"
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/failure/FailureModel.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/failure/FailureModel.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5e94830c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/failure/FailureModel.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.simulator.failure
+
+import org.opendc.compute.service.ComputeService
+import java.time.InstantSource
+import java.util.random.RandomGenerator
+import kotlin.coroutines.CoroutineContext
+
+/**
+ * Factory interface for constructing [HostFaultInjector] for modeling failures of compute service hosts.
+ */
+public interface FailureModel {
+ /**
+ * Construct a [HostFaultInjector] for the specified [service].
+ */
+ public fun createInjector(
+ context: CoroutineContext,
+ clock: InstantSource,
+ service: ComputeService,
+ random: RandomGenerator
+ ): HostFaultInjector
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/failure/FailureModels.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/failure/FailureModels.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..337f3c60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/failure/FailureModels.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+@file:JvmName("FailureModels")
+
+package org.opendc.compute.simulator.failure
+
+import org.apache.commons.math3.distribution.LogNormalDistribution
+import org.apache.commons.math3.random.Well19937c
+import org.opendc.compute.service.ComputeService
+import org.opendc.compute.simulator.SimHost
+import java.time.Duration
+import java.time.InstantSource
+import java.util.random.RandomGenerator
+import kotlin.coroutines.CoroutineContext
+import kotlin.math.ln
+
+/**
+ * Obtain a [FailureModel] based on the GRID'5000 failure trace.
+ *
+ * This fault injector uses parameters from the GRID'5000 failure trace as described in
+ * "A Framework for the Study of Grid Inter-Operation Mechanisms", A. Iosup, 2009.
+ */
+public fun grid5000(failureInterval: Duration): FailureModel {
+ return object : FailureModel {
+ override fun createInjector(
+ context: CoroutineContext,
+ clock: InstantSource,
+ service: ComputeService,
+ random: RandomGenerator
+ ): HostFaultInjector {
+ val rng = Well19937c(random.nextLong())
+ val hosts = service.hosts.map { it as SimHost }.toSet()
+
+ // Parameters from A. Iosup, A Framework for the Study of Grid Inter-Operation Mechanisms, 2009
+ // GRID'5000
+ return HostFaultInjector(
+ context,
+ clock,
+ hosts,
+ iat = LogNormalDistribution(rng, ln(failureInterval.toHours().toDouble()), 1.03),
+ selector = StochasticVictimSelector(LogNormalDistribution(rng, 1.88, 1.25), random),
+ fault = StartStopHostFault(LogNormalDistribution(rng, 8.89, 2.71))
+ )
+ }
+
+ override fun toString(): String = "Grid5000FailureModel"
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ComputeMonitorProvisioningStep.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ComputeMonitorProvisioningStep.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..50e7bd0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ComputeMonitorProvisioningStep.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.simulator.provisioner
+
+import org.opendc.compute.service.ComputeService
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.ComputeMetricReader
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.ComputeMonitor
+import java.time.Duration
+
+/**
+ * A [ProvisioningStep] that provisions a [ComputeMetricReader] to periodically collect the metrics of a [ComputeService]
+ * and report them to a [ComputeMonitor].
+ */
+public class ComputeMonitorProvisioningStep(
+ private val serviceDomain: String,
+ private val monitor: ComputeMonitor,
+ private val exportInterval: Duration
+) : ProvisioningStep {
+ override fun apply(ctx: ProvisioningContext): AutoCloseable {
+ val service = requireNotNull(ctx.registry.resolve(serviceDomain, ComputeService::class.java)) { "Compute service $serviceDomain does not exist" }
+ val metricReader = ComputeMetricReader(ctx.dispatcher, service, monitor, exportInterval)
+ return AutoCloseable { metricReader.close() }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ComputeServiceProvisioningStep.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ComputeServiceProvisioningStep.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fc555016
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ComputeServiceProvisioningStep.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.simulator.provisioner
+
+import org.opendc.compute.service.ComputeService
+import org.opendc.compute.service.scheduler.ComputeScheduler
+import java.time.Duration
+
+/**
+ * A [ProvisioningStep] that provisions a [ComputeService] without any hosts.
+ *
+ * @param serviceDomain The domain name under which to register the compute service.
+ * @param scheduler A function to construct the compute scheduler.
+ * @param schedulingQuantum The scheduling quantum of the compute scheduler.
+ */
+public class ComputeServiceProvisioningStep internal constructor(
+ private val serviceDomain: String,
+ private val scheduler: (ProvisioningContext) -> ComputeScheduler,
+ private val schedulingQuantum: Duration
+) : ProvisioningStep {
+ override fun apply(ctx: ProvisioningContext): AutoCloseable {
+ val service = ComputeService.builder(ctx.dispatcher, scheduler(ctx))
+ .withQuantum(schedulingQuantum)
+ .build()
+ ctx.registry.register(serviceDomain, ComputeService::class.java, service)
+
+ return AutoCloseable { service.close() }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ComputeSteps.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ComputeSteps.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..93f8fa4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ComputeSteps.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+@file:JvmName("ComputeSteps")
+
+package org.opendc.compute.simulator.provisioner
+
+import org.opendc.compute.service.ComputeService
+import org.opendc.compute.service.scheduler.ComputeScheduler
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.ComputeMonitor
+import org.opendc.compute.topology.HostSpec
+import java.time.Duration
+
+/**
+ * Return a [ProvisioningStep] that provisions a [ComputeService] without any hosts.
+ *
+ * @param serviceDomain The domain name under which to register the compute service.
+ * @param scheduler A function to construct the compute scheduler.
+ * @param schedulingQuantum The scheduling quantum of the compute scheduler.
+ */
+public fun setupComputeService(
+ serviceDomain: String,
+ scheduler: (ProvisioningContext) -> ComputeScheduler,
+ schedulingQuantum: Duration = Duration.ofMinutes(5)
+): ProvisioningStep {
+ return ComputeServiceProvisioningStep(serviceDomain, scheduler, schedulingQuantum)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Return a [ProvisioningStep] that installs a [ComputeMetricReader] to periodically collect the metrics of a
+ * [ComputeService] and report them to a [ComputeMonitor].
+ *
+ * @param serviceDomain The service domain at which the [ComputeService] is located.
+ * @param monitor The [ComputeMonitor] to install.
+ * @param exportInterval The interval between which to collect the metrics.
+ */
+public fun registerComputeMonitor(
+ serviceDomain: String,
+ monitor: ComputeMonitor,
+ exportInterval: Duration = Duration.ofMinutes(5)
+): ProvisioningStep {
+ return ComputeMonitorProvisioningStep(serviceDomain, monitor, exportInterval)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Return a [ProvisioningStep] that sets up the specified list of hosts (based on [specs]) for the specified compute
+ * service.
+ *
+ * @param serviceDomain The domain name under which the compute service is registered.
+ * @param specs A list of [HostSpec] objects describing the simulated hosts to provision.
+ * @param optimize A flag to indicate that the CPU resources of the host should be merged into a single CPU resource.
+ */
+public fun setupHosts(serviceDomain: String, specs: List<HostSpec>, optimize: Boolean = false): ProvisioningStep {
+ return HostsProvisioningStep(serviceDomain, specs, optimize)
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/HostsProvisioningStep.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/HostsProvisioningStep.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3104ccbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/HostsProvisioningStep.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.simulator.provisioner
+
+import org.opendc.compute.service.ComputeService
+import org.opendc.compute.simulator.SimHost
+import org.opendc.compute.topology.HostSpec
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.SimBareMetalMachine
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.kernel.SimHypervisor
+import org.opendc.simulator.flow2.FlowEngine
+import java.util.SplittableRandom
+
+/**
+ * A [ProvisioningStep] that provisions a list of hosts for a [ComputeService].
+ *
+ * @param serviceDomain The domain name under which the compute service is registered.
+ * @param specs A list of [HostSpec] objects describing the simulated hosts to provision.
+ * @param optimize A flag to indicate that the CPU resources of the host should be merged into a single CPU resource.
+ */
+public class HostsProvisioningStep internal constructor(
+ private val serviceDomain: String,
+ private val specs: List<HostSpec>,
+ private val optimize: Boolean
+) : ProvisioningStep {
+ override fun apply(ctx: ProvisioningContext): AutoCloseable {
+ val service = requireNotNull(ctx.registry.resolve(serviceDomain, ComputeService::class.java)) { "Compute service $serviceDomain does not exist" }
+ val engine = FlowEngine.create(ctx.dispatcher)
+ val graph = engine.newGraph()
+ val hosts = mutableSetOf<SimHost>()
+
+ for (spec in specs) {
+ val machine = SimBareMetalMachine.create(graph, spec.model, spec.psuFactory)
+ val hypervisor = SimHypervisor.create(spec.multiplexerFactory, SplittableRandom(ctx.seeder.nextLong()))
+
+ val host = SimHost(
+ spec.uid,
+ spec.name,
+ spec.meta,
+ ctx.dispatcher.timeSource,
+ machine,
+ hypervisor,
+ optimize = optimize
+ )
+
+ require(hosts.add(host)) { "Host with uid ${spec.uid} already exists" }
+ service.addHost(host)
+ }
+
+ return AutoCloseable {
+ for (host in hosts) {
+ host.close()
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/Provisioner.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/Provisioner.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..275378e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/Provisioner.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.simulator.provisioner
+
+import org.opendc.common.Dispatcher
+import org.opendc.compute.simulator.MutableServiceRegistry
+import org.opendc.compute.simulator.ServiceRegistry
+import org.opendc.compute.simulator.ServiceRegistryImpl
+import java.util.ArrayDeque
+import java.util.SplittableRandom
+
+/**
+ * A helper class to set up the experimental environment in a reproducible manner.
+ *
+ * With this class, users describe the environment using multiple [ProvisioningStep]s. These re-usable
+ * [ProvisioningStep]s are executed sequentially and ensure that the necessary infrastructure is configured and teared
+ * down after the simulation completes.
+ *
+ * @param dispatcher The [Dispatcher] implementation for scheduling future tasks.
+ * @param seed A seed for initializing the randomness of the environment.
+ */
+public class Provisioner(dispatcher: Dispatcher, seed: Long) : AutoCloseable {
+ /**
+ * Implementation of [ProvisioningContext].
+ */
+ private val context = object : ProvisioningContext {
+ override val dispatcher: Dispatcher = dispatcher
+ override val seeder: SplittableRandom = SplittableRandom(seed)
+ override val registry: MutableServiceRegistry = ServiceRegistryImpl()
+
+ override fun toString(): String = "Provisioner.ProvisioningContext"
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * The stack of handles to run during the clean-up process.
+ */
+ private val stack = ArrayDeque<AutoCloseable>()
+
+ /**
+ * The [ServiceRegistry] containing the services registered in this environment.
+ */
+ public val registry: ServiceRegistry
+ get() = context.registry
+
+ /**
+ * Run a single [ProvisioningStep] for this environment.
+ *
+ * @param step The step to apply to the environment.
+ */
+ public fun runStep(step: ProvisioningStep) {
+ val handle = step.apply(context)
+ stack.push(handle)
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Run multiple [ProvisioningStep]s for this environment.
+ *
+ * @param steps The steps to apply to the environment.
+ */
+ public fun runSteps(vararg steps: ProvisioningStep) {
+ val ctx = context
+ val stack = stack
+ for (step in steps) {
+ val handle = step.apply(ctx)
+ stack.push(handle)
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Clean-up the environment.
+ */
+ override fun close() {
+ val stack = stack
+ while (stack.isNotEmpty()) {
+ stack.pop().close()
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ProvisioningContext.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ProvisioningContext.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1788c8e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ProvisioningContext.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.simulator.provisioner
+
+import org.opendc.common.Dispatcher
+import org.opendc.compute.simulator.MutableServiceRegistry
+import java.util.SplittableRandom
+import java.util.random.RandomGenerator
+
+/**
+ * The [ProvisioningContext] class provides access to shared state between subsequent [ProvisioningStep]s, as well as
+ * access to the simulation dispatcher, the virtual clock, and a randomness seeder to allow
+ * the provisioning steps to initialize the (simulated) resources.
+ */
+public interface ProvisioningContext {
+ /**
+ * The [Dispatcher] provided by the provisioner to schedule future events during the simulation.
+ */
+ public val dispatcher: Dispatcher
+
+ /**
+ * A [SplittableRandom] instance used to seed the provisioners.
+ */
+ public val seeder: RandomGenerator
+
+ /**
+ * A [MutableServiceRegistry] where the provisioned services are registered.
+ */
+ public val registry: MutableServiceRegistry
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ProvisioningStep.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ProvisioningStep.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0226a704
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-simulator/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/simulator/provisioner/ProvisioningStep.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.simulator.provisioner
+
+import org.eclipse.microprofile.config.Config
+
+/**
+ * A provisioning step is responsible for provisioning (acquiring or configuring) infrastructure necessary for a
+ * simulation experiment.
+ */
+public fun interface ProvisioningStep {
+ /**
+ * Apply the step by provisioning the required resources for the experiment using the specified
+ * [ProvisioningContext][ctx].
+ *
+ * @param ctx The environment in which the resources should be provisioned.
+ * @return A handle that is invoked once the simulation completes, so that the resources can be cleaned up.
+ */
+ public fun apply(ctx: ProvisioningContext): AutoCloseable
+
+ /**
+ * A factory interface for [ProvisioningStep] instances.
+ *
+ * @param S The type that describes the input for constructing a [ProvisioningStep].
+ */
+ public abstract class Provider<S>(public val type: Class<S>) {
+ /**
+ * The name that identifies the provisioning step.
+ */
+ public abstract val name: String
+
+ /**
+ * Construct a [ProvisioningStep] with the specified [spec].
+ *
+ * @param spec The specification that describes the provisioner to be created.
+ * @param config The external configuration of the experiment runner.
+ * @return The [ProvisioningStep] constructed according to [spec].
+ */
+ public abstract fun create(spec: S, config: Config): ProvisioningStep
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/build.gradle.kts b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/build.gradle.kts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c403ccb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/build.gradle.kts
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+description = "OpenDC Compute Service implementation"
+
+/* Build configuration */
+plugins {
+ `kotlin-library-conventions`
+}
+
+dependencies {
+ api(projects.opendcCompute.opendcComputeApi)
+ implementation(projects.opendcCommon)
+ implementation(libs.kotlin.logging)
+ implementation(project(mapOf("path" to ":opendc-trace:opendc-trace-parquet")))
+ implementation(project(mapOf("path" to ":opendc-compute:opendc-compute-service")))
+
+ testImplementation(projects.opendcSimulator.opendcSimulatorCore)
+ testRuntimeOnly(libs.log4j.core)
+ testRuntimeOnly(libs.log4j.slf4j)
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/ComputeMetricReader.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/ComputeMetricReader.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3a1fed1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/ComputeMetricReader.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.telemetry
+
+import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
+import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
+import kotlinx.coroutines.isActive
+import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
+import mu.KotlinLogging
+import org.opendc.common.Dispatcher
+import org.opendc.common.asCoroutineDispatcher
+import org.opendc.compute.api.Server
+import org.opendc.compute.service.ComputeService
+import org.opendc.compute.service.driver.Host
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table.HostInfo
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table.HostTableReader
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table.ServerInfo
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table.ServerTableReader
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table.ServiceTableReader
+import java.time.Duration
+import java.time.Instant
+
+/**
+ * A helper class to collect metrics from a [ComputeService] instance and automatically export the metrics every
+ * export interval.
+ *
+ * @param dispatcher A [Dispatcher] for scheduling the future events.
+ * @param service The [ComputeService] to monitor.
+ * @param monitor The monitor to export the metrics to.
+ * @param exportInterval The export interval.
+ */
+public class ComputeMetricReader(
+ dispatcher: Dispatcher,
+ private val service: ComputeService,
+ private val monitor: ComputeMonitor,
+ private val exportInterval: Duration = Duration.ofMinutes(5)
+) : AutoCloseable {
+ private val logger = KotlinLogging.logger {}
+ private val scope = CoroutineScope(dispatcher.asCoroutineDispatcher())
+ private val clock = dispatcher.timeSource
+
+ /**
+ * Aggregator for service metrics.
+ */
+ private val serviceTableReader = ServiceTableReaderImpl(service)
+
+ /**
+ * Mapping from [Host] instances to [HostTableReaderImpl]
+ */
+ private val hostTableReaders = mutableMapOf<Host, HostTableReaderImpl>()
+
+ /**
+ * Mapping from [Server] instances to [ServerTableReaderImpl]
+ */
+ private val serverTableReaders = mutableMapOf<Server, ServerTableReaderImpl>()
+
+ /**
+ * The background job that is responsible for collecting the metrics every cycle.
+ */
+ private val job = scope.launch {
+ val intervalMs = exportInterval.toMillis()
+ try {
+ while (isActive) {
+ delay(intervalMs)
+
+ loggState()
+ }
+ } finally {
+ loggState()
+
+ if (monitor is AutoCloseable) {
+ monitor.close()
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ private fun loggState() {
+ try {
+ val now = this.clock.instant()
+
+ for (host in this.service.hosts) {
+ val reader = this.hostTableReaders.computeIfAbsent(host) { HostTableReaderImpl(it) }
+ reader.record(now)
+ this.monitor.record(reader.copy())
+ reader.reset()
+ }
+
+ for (server in this.service.servers) {
+ val reader = this.serverTableReaders.computeIfAbsent(server) { ServerTableReaderImpl(service, it) }
+ reader.record(now)
+ this.monitor.record(reader.copy())
+ reader.reset()
+ }
+
+ this.serviceTableReader.record(now)
+ monitor.record(this.serviceTableReader.copy())
+ } catch (cause: Throwable) {
+ this.logger.warn(cause) { "Exporter threw an Exception" }
+ }
+ }
+
+ override fun close() {
+ job.cancel()
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * An aggregator for service metrics before they are reported.
+ */
+ private class ServiceTableReaderImpl(private val service: ComputeService) : ServiceTableReader {
+
+ override fun copy(): ServiceTableReader {
+ val newServiceTable = ServiceTableReaderImpl(service)
+ newServiceTable.setValues(this)
+
+ return newServiceTable
+ }
+
+ override fun setValues(table: ServiceTableReader) {
+ _timestamp = table.timestamp
+
+ _hostsUp = table.hostsUp
+ _hostsDown = table.hostsDown
+ _serversTotal = table.serversTotal
+ _serversPending = table.serversPending
+ _serversActive = table.serversActive
+ _attemptsSuccess = table.attemptsSuccess
+ _attemptsFailure = table.attemptsFailure
+ _attemptsError = table.attemptsError
+ }
+
+ private var _timestamp: Instant = Instant.MIN
+ override val timestamp: Instant
+ get() = _timestamp
+
+ override val hostsUp: Int
+ get() = _hostsUp
+ private var _hostsUp = 0
+
+ override val hostsDown: Int
+ get() = _hostsDown
+ private var _hostsDown = 0
+
+ override val serversTotal: Int
+ get() = _serversTotal
+ private var _serversTotal = 0
+
+ override val serversPending: Int
+ get() = _serversPending
+ private var _serversPending = 0
+
+ override val serversActive: Int
+ get() = _serversActive
+ private var _serversActive = 0
+
+ override val attemptsSuccess: Int
+ get() = _attemptsSuccess
+ private var _attemptsSuccess = 0
+
+ override val attemptsFailure: Int
+ get() = _attemptsFailure
+ private var _attemptsFailure = 0
+
+ override val attemptsError: Int
+ get() = _attemptsError
+ private var _attemptsError = 0
+
+ /**
+ * Record the next cycle.
+ */
+ fun record(now: Instant) {
+ _timestamp = now
+
+ val stats = service.getSchedulerStats()
+ _hostsUp = stats.hostsAvailable
+ _hostsDown = stats.hostsUnavailable
+ _serversTotal = stats.serversTotal
+ _serversPending = stats.serversPending
+ _serversActive = stats.serversActive
+ _attemptsSuccess = stats.attemptsSuccess.toInt()
+ _attemptsFailure = stats.attemptsFailure.toInt()
+ _attemptsError = stats.attemptsError.toInt()
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * An aggregator for host metrics before they are reported.
+ */
+ private class HostTableReaderImpl(host: Host) : HostTableReader {
+ override fun copy(): HostTableReader {
+ val newHostTable = HostTableReaderImpl(_host)
+ newHostTable.setValues(this)
+
+ return newHostTable
+ }
+
+ override fun setValues(table: HostTableReader) {
+ _timestamp = table.timestamp
+ _guestsTerminated = table.guestsTerminated
+ _guestsRunning = table.guestsRunning
+ _guestsError = table.guestsError
+ _guestsInvalid = table.guestsInvalid
+ _cpuLimit = table.cpuLimit
+ _cpuDemand = table.cpuDemand
+ _cpuUsage = table.cpuUsage
+ _cpuUtilization = table.cpuUtilization
+ _cpuActiveTime = table.cpuActiveTime
+ _cpuIdleTime = table.cpuIdleTime
+ _cpuStealTime = table.cpuStealTime
+ _cpuLostTime = table.cpuLostTime
+ _powerUsage = table.powerUsage
+ _powerTotal = table.powerTotal
+ _uptime = table.uptime
+ _downtime = table.downtime
+ _bootTime = table.bootTime
+ }
+
+ private val _host = host
+
+ override val host: HostInfo = HostInfo(host.uid.toString(), host.name, "x86", host.model.cpuCount, host.model.memoryCapacity)
+
+ override val timestamp: Instant
+ get() = _timestamp
+ private var _timestamp = Instant.MIN
+
+ override val guestsTerminated: Int
+ get() = _guestsTerminated
+ private var _guestsTerminated = 0
+
+ override val guestsRunning: Int
+ get() = _guestsRunning
+ private var _guestsRunning = 0
+
+ override val guestsError: Int
+ get() = _guestsError
+ private var _guestsError = 0
+
+ override val guestsInvalid: Int
+ get() = _guestsInvalid
+ private var _guestsInvalid = 0
+
+ override val cpuLimit: Double
+ get() = _cpuLimit
+ private var _cpuLimit = 0.0
+
+ override val cpuUsage: Double
+ get() = _cpuUsage
+ private var _cpuUsage = 0.0
+
+ override val cpuDemand: Double
+ get() = _cpuDemand
+ private var _cpuDemand = 0.0
+
+ override val cpuUtilization: Double
+ get() = _cpuUtilization
+ private var _cpuUtilization = 0.0
+
+ override val cpuActiveTime: Long
+ get() = _cpuActiveTime - previousCpuActiveTime
+ private var _cpuActiveTime = 0L
+ private var previousCpuActiveTime = 0L
+
+ override val cpuIdleTime: Long
+ get() = _cpuIdleTime - previousCpuIdleTime
+ private var _cpuIdleTime = 0L
+ private var previousCpuIdleTime = 0L
+
+ override val cpuStealTime: Long
+ get() = _cpuStealTime - previousCpuStealTime
+ private var _cpuStealTime = 0L
+ private var previousCpuStealTime = 0L
+
+ override val cpuLostTime: Long
+ get() = _cpuLostTime - previousCpuLostTime
+ private var _cpuLostTime = 0L
+ private var previousCpuLostTime = 0L
+
+ override val powerUsage: Double
+ get() = _powerUsage
+ private var _powerUsage = 0.0
+
+ override val powerTotal: Double
+ get() = _powerTotal - previousPowerTotal
+ private var _powerTotal = 0.0
+ private var previousPowerTotal = 0.0
+
+ override val uptime: Long
+ get() = _uptime - previousUptime
+ private var _uptime = 0L
+ private var previousUptime = 0L
+
+ override val downtime: Long
+ get() = _downtime - previousDowntime
+ private var _downtime = 0L
+ private var previousDowntime = 0L
+
+ override val bootTime: Instant?
+ get() = _bootTime
+ private var _bootTime: Instant? = null
+
+ /**
+ * Record the next cycle.
+ */
+ fun record(now: Instant) {
+ val hostCpuStats = _host.getCpuStats()
+ val hostSysStats = _host.getSystemStats()
+
+ _timestamp = now
+ _guestsTerminated = hostSysStats.guestsTerminated
+ _guestsRunning = hostSysStats.guestsRunning
+ _guestsError = hostSysStats.guestsError
+ _guestsInvalid = hostSysStats.guestsInvalid
+ _cpuLimit = hostCpuStats.capacity
+ _cpuDemand = hostCpuStats.demand
+ _cpuUsage = hostCpuStats.usage
+ _cpuUtilization = hostCpuStats.utilization
+ _cpuActiveTime = hostCpuStats.activeTime
+ _cpuIdleTime = hostCpuStats.idleTime
+ _cpuStealTime = hostCpuStats.stealTime
+ _cpuLostTime = hostCpuStats.lostTime
+ _powerUsage = hostSysStats.powerUsage
+ _powerTotal = hostSysStats.energyUsage
+ _uptime = hostSysStats.uptime.toMillis()
+ _downtime = hostSysStats.downtime.toMillis()
+ _bootTime = hostSysStats.bootTime
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Finish the aggregation for this cycle.
+ */
+ fun reset() {
+ // Reset intermediate state for next aggregation
+ previousCpuActiveTime = _cpuActiveTime
+ previousCpuIdleTime = _cpuIdleTime
+ previousCpuStealTime = _cpuStealTime
+ previousCpuLostTime = _cpuLostTime
+ previousPowerTotal = _powerTotal
+ previousUptime = _uptime
+ previousDowntime = _downtime
+
+ _guestsTerminated = 0
+ _guestsRunning = 0
+ _guestsError = 0
+ _guestsInvalid = 0
+
+ _cpuLimit = 0.0
+ _cpuUsage = 0.0
+ _cpuDemand = 0.0
+ _cpuUtilization = 0.0
+
+ _powerUsage = 0.0
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * An aggregator for server metrics before they are reported.
+ */
+ private class ServerTableReaderImpl(private val service: ComputeService, server: Server) : ServerTableReader {
+ override fun copy(): ServerTableReader {
+ val newServerTable = ServerTableReaderImpl(service, _server)
+ newServerTable.setValues(this)
+
+ return newServerTable
+ }
+
+ override fun setValues(table: ServerTableReader) {
+ host = table.host
+
+ _timestamp = table.timestamp
+ _cpuLimit = table.cpuLimit
+ _cpuActiveTime = table.cpuActiveTime
+ _cpuIdleTime = table.cpuIdleTime
+ _cpuStealTime = table.cpuStealTime
+ _cpuLostTime = table.cpuLostTime
+ _uptime = table.uptime
+ _downtime = table.downtime
+ _provisionTime = table.provisionTime
+ _bootTime = table.bootTime
+ }
+
+ private val _server = server
+
+ /**
+ * The static information about this server.
+ */
+ override val server = ServerInfo(
+ server.uid.toString(),
+ server.name,
+ "vm",
+ "x86",
+ server.image.uid.toString(),
+ server.image.name,
+ server.flavor.cpuCount,
+ server.flavor.memorySize
+ )
+
+ /**
+ * The [HostInfo] of the host on which the server is hosted.
+ */
+ override var host: HostInfo? = null
+ private var _host: Host? = null
+
+ private var _timestamp = Instant.MIN
+ override val timestamp: Instant
+ get() = _timestamp
+
+ override val uptime: Long
+ get() = _uptime - previousUptime
+ private var _uptime: Long = 0
+ private var previousUptime = 0L
+
+ override val downtime: Long
+ get() = _downtime - previousDowntime
+ private var _downtime: Long = 0
+ private var previousDowntime = 0L
+
+ override val provisionTime: Instant?
+ get() = _provisionTime
+ private var _provisionTime: Instant? = null
+
+ override val bootTime: Instant?
+ get() = _bootTime
+ private var _bootTime: Instant? = null
+
+ override val cpuLimit: Double
+ get() = _cpuLimit
+ private var _cpuLimit = 0.0
+
+ override val cpuActiveTime: Long
+ get() = _cpuActiveTime - previousCpuActiveTime
+ private var _cpuActiveTime = 0L
+ private var previousCpuActiveTime = 0L
+
+ override val cpuIdleTime: Long
+ get() = _cpuIdleTime - previousCpuIdleTime
+ private var _cpuIdleTime = 0L
+ private var previousCpuIdleTime = 0L
+
+ override val cpuStealTime: Long
+ get() = _cpuStealTime - previousCpuStealTime
+ private var _cpuStealTime = 0L
+ private var previousCpuStealTime = 0L
+
+ override val cpuLostTime: Long
+ get() = _cpuLostTime - previousCpuLostTime
+ private var _cpuLostTime = 0L
+ private var previousCpuLostTime = 0L
+
+ /**
+ * Record the next cycle.
+ */
+ fun record(now: Instant) {
+ val newHost = service.lookupHost(_server)
+ if (newHost != null && newHost.uid != _host?.uid) {
+ _host = newHost
+ host = HostInfo(newHost.uid.toString(), newHost.name, "x86", newHost.model.cpuCount, newHost.model.memoryCapacity)
+ }
+
+ val cpuStats = _host?.getCpuStats(_server)
+ val sysStats = _host?.getSystemStats(_server)
+
+ _timestamp = now
+ _cpuLimit = cpuStats?.capacity ?: 0.0
+ _cpuActiveTime = cpuStats?.activeTime ?: 0
+ _cpuIdleTime = cpuStats?.idleTime ?: 0
+ _cpuStealTime = cpuStats?.stealTime ?: 0
+ _cpuLostTime = cpuStats?.lostTime ?: 0
+ _uptime = sysStats?.uptime?.toMillis() ?: 0
+ _downtime = sysStats?.downtime?.toMillis() ?: 0
+ _provisionTime = _server.launchedAt
+ _bootTime = sysStats?.bootTime
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Finish the aggregation for this cycle.
+ */
+ fun reset() {
+ previousUptime = _uptime
+ previousDowntime = _downtime
+ previousCpuActiveTime = _cpuActiveTime
+ previousCpuIdleTime = _cpuIdleTime
+ previousCpuStealTime = _cpuStealTime
+ previousCpuLostTime = _cpuLostTime
+
+ _host = null
+ _cpuLimit = 0.0
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/ComputeMonitor.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/ComputeMonitor.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b236a7df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/ComputeMonitor.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.telemetry
+
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table.HostTableReader
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table.ServerTableReader
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table.ServiceTableReader
+
+/**
+ * A monitor that tracks the metrics and events of the OpenDC Compute service.
+ */
+public interface ComputeMonitor {
+ /**
+ * Record an entry with the specified [reader].
+ */
+ public fun record(reader: ServerTableReader) {}
+
+ /**
+ * Record an entry with the specified [reader].
+ */
+ public fun record(reader: HostTableReader) {}
+
+ /**
+ * Record an entry with the specified [reader].
+ */
+ public fun record(reader: ServiceTableReader) {}
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetComputeMonitor.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetComputeMonitor.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2a4f27d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetComputeMonitor.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.telemetry.export.parquet
+
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.ComputeMonitor
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table.HostTableReader
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table.ServerTableReader
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table.ServiceTableReader
+import java.io.File
+
+/**
+ * A [ComputeMonitor] that logs the events to a Parquet file.
+ */
+public class ParquetComputeMonitor(base: File, partition: String, bufferSize: Int) : ComputeMonitor, AutoCloseable {
+ private val serverWriter = ParquetServerDataWriter(
+ File(base, "server/$partition/data.parquet").also { it.parentFile.mkdirs() },
+ bufferSize
+ )
+
+ private val hostWriter = ParquetHostDataWriter(
+ File(base, "host/$partition/data.parquet").also { it.parentFile.mkdirs() },
+ bufferSize
+ )
+
+ private val serviceWriter = ParquetServiceDataWriter(
+ File(base, "service/$partition/data.parquet").also { it.parentFile.mkdirs() },
+ bufferSize
+ )
+
+ override fun record(reader: ServerTableReader) {
+ serverWriter.write(reader)
+ }
+
+ override fun record(reader: HostTableReader) {
+ hostWriter.write(reader)
+ }
+
+ override fun record(reader: ServiceTableReader) {
+ serviceWriter.write(reader)
+ }
+
+ override fun close() {
+ hostWriter.close()
+ serviceWriter.close()
+ serverWriter.close()
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetDataWriter.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetDataWriter.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..34a75d75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetDataWriter.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.telemetry.export.parquet
+
+import mu.KotlinLogging
+import org.apache.parquet.column.ParquetProperties
+import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.ParquetFileWriter
+import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.ParquetWriter
+import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.api.WriteSupport
+import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.metadata.CompressionCodecName
+import org.opendc.trace.util.parquet.LocalParquetWriter
+import java.io.File
+import java.util.concurrent.ArrayBlockingQueue
+import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue
+import kotlin.concurrent.thread
+
+/**
+ * A writer that writes data in Parquet format.
+ *
+ * @param path The path to the file to write the data to.
+ * @param writeSupport The [WriteSupport] implementation for converting the records to Parquet format.
+ */
+public abstract class ParquetDataWriter<in T>(
+ path: File,
+ private val writeSupport: WriteSupport<T>,
+ bufferSize: Int = 4096
+) : AutoCloseable {
+ /**
+ * The logging instance to use.
+ */
+ private val logger = KotlinLogging.logger {}
+
+ /**
+ * The queue of records to process.
+ */
+ private val queue: BlockingQueue<T> = ArrayBlockingQueue(bufferSize)
+
+ /**
+ * An exception to be propagated to the actual writer.
+ */
+ private var exception: Throwable? = null
+
+ /**
+ * The thread that is responsible for writing the Parquet records.
+ */
+ private val writerThread = thread(start = false, name = this.toString()) {
+ val writer = let {
+ val builder = LocalParquetWriter.builder(path.toPath(), writeSupport)
+ .withWriterVersion(ParquetProperties.WriterVersion.PARQUET_2_0)
+ .withCompressionCodec(CompressionCodecName.ZSTD)
+ .withWriteMode(ParquetFileWriter.Mode.OVERWRITE)
+ buildWriter(builder)
+ }
+
+ val queue = queue
+ val buf = mutableListOf<T>()
+ var shouldStop = false
+
+ try {
+ while (!shouldStop) {
+ try {
+ writer.write(queue.take())
+ } catch (e: InterruptedException) {
+ shouldStop = true
+ }
+
+ if (queue.drainTo(buf) > 0) {
+ for (data in buf) {
+ writer.write(data)
+ }
+ buf.clear()
+ }
+ }
+ } catch (e: Throwable) {
+ logger.error(e) { "Failure in Parquet data writer" }
+ exception = e
+ } finally {
+ writer.close()
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Build the [ParquetWriter] used to write the Parquet files.
+ */
+ protected open fun buildWriter(builder: LocalParquetWriter.Builder<@UnsafeVariance T>): ParquetWriter<@UnsafeVariance T> {
+ return builder.build()
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Write the specified metrics to the database.
+ */
+ public fun write(data: T) {
+ val exception = exception
+ if (exception != null) {
+ throw IllegalStateException("Writer thread failed", exception)
+ }
+
+ queue.put(data)
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Signal the writer to stop.
+ */
+ override fun close() {
+ writerThread.interrupt()
+ writerThread.join()
+ }
+
+ init {
+ writerThread.start()
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetHostDataWriter.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetHostDataWriter.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4cf9c6f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetHostDataWriter.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.telemetry.export.parquet
+
+import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration
+import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.ParquetWriter
+import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.api.WriteSupport
+import org.apache.parquet.io.api.Binary
+import org.apache.parquet.io.api.RecordConsumer
+import org.apache.parquet.schema.LogicalTypeAnnotation
+import org.apache.parquet.schema.MessageType
+import org.apache.parquet.schema.PrimitiveType
+import org.apache.parquet.schema.Types
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table.HostTableReader
+import org.opendc.trace.util.parquet.LocalParquetWriter
+import java.io.File
+
+/**
+ * A Parquet event writer for [HostTableReader]s.
+ */
+public class ParquetHostDataWriter(path: File, bufferSize: Int) :
+ ParquetDataWriter<HostTableReader>(path, HostDataWriteSupport(), bufferSize) {
+
+ override fun buildWriter(builder: LocalParquetWriter.Builder<HostTableReader>): ParquetWriter<HostTableReader> {
+ return builder
+ .withDictionaryEncoding("host_id", true)
+ .build()
+ }
+
+ override fun toString(): String = "host-writer"
+
+ /**
+ * A [WriteSupport] implementation for a [HostTableReader].
+ */
+ private class HostDataWriteSupport : WriteSupport<HostTableReader>() {
+ lateinit var recordConsumer: RecordConsumer
+
+ override fun init(configuration: Configuration): WriteContext {
+ return WriteContext(SCHEMA, emptyMap())
+ }
+
+ override fun prepareForWrite(recordConsumer: RecordConsumer) {
+ this.recordConsumer = recordConsumer
+ }
+
+ override fun write(record: HostTableReader) {
+ write(recordConsumer, record)
+ }
+
+ private fun write(consumer: RecordConsumer, data: HostTableReader) {
+ consumer.startMessage()
+
+ consumer.startField("timestamp", 0)
+ consumer.addLong(data.timestamp.toEpochMilli())
+ consumer.endField("timestamp", 0)
+
+ consumer.startField("host_id", 1)
+ consumer.addBinary(Binary.fromString(data.host.id))
+ consumer.endField("host_id", 1)
+
+ consumer.startField("cpu_count", 2)
+ consumer.addInteger(data.host.cpuCount)
+ consumer.endField("cpu_count", 2)
+
+ consumer.startField("mem_capacity", 3)
+ consumer.addLong(data.host.memCapacity)
+ consumer.endField("mem_capacity", 3)
+
+ consumer.startField("guests_terminated", 4)
+ consumer.addInteger(data.guestsTerminated)
+ consumer.endField("guests_terminated", 4)
+
+ consumer.startField("guests_running", 5)
+ consumer.addInteger(data.guestsRunning)
+ consumer.endField("guests_running", 5)
+
+ consumer.startField("guests_error", 6)
+ consumer.addInteger(data.guestsError)
+ consumer.endField("guests_error", 6)
+
+ consumer.startField("guests_invalid", 7)
+ consumer.addInteger(data.guestsInvalid)
+ consumer.endField("guests_invalid", 7)
+
+ consumer.startField("cpu_limit", 8)
+ consumer.addDouble(data.cpuLimit)
+ consumer.endField("cpu_limit", 8)
+
+ consumer.startField("cpu_usage", 9)
+ consumer.addDouble(data.cpuUsage)
+ consumer.endField("cpu_usage", 9)
+
+ consumer.startField("cpu_demand", 10)
+ consumer.addDouble(data.cpuUsage)
+ consumer.endField("cpu_demand", 10)
+
+ consumer.startField("cpu_utilization", 11)
+ consumer.addDouble(data.cpuUtilization)
+ consumer.endField("cpu_utilization", 11)
+
+ consumer.startField("cpu_time_active", 12)
+ consumer.addLong(data.cpuActiveTime)
+ consumer.endField("cpu_time_active", 12)
+
+ consumer.startField("cpu_time_idle", 13)
+ consumer.addLong(data.cpuIdleTime)
+ consumer.endField("cpu_time_idle", 13)
+
+ consumer.startField("cpu_time_steal", 14)
+ consumer.addLong(data.cpuStealTime)
+ consumer.endField("cpu_time_steal", 14)
+
+ consumer.startField("cpu_time_lost", 15)
+ consumer.addLong(data.cpuLostTime)
+ consumer.endField("cpu_time_lost", 15)
+
+ consumer.startField("power_total", 16)
+ consumer.addDouble(data.powerTotal)
+ consumer.endField("power_total", 16)
+
+ consumer.startField("uptime", 17)
+ consumer.addLong(data.uptime)
+ consumer.endField("uptime", 17)
+
+ consumer.startField("downtime", 18)
+ consumer.addLong(data.downtime)
+ consumer.endField("downtime", 18)
+
+ val bootTime = data.bootTime
+ if (bootTime != null) {
+ consumer.startField("boot_time", 19)
+ consumer.addLong(bootTime.toEpochMilli())
+ consumer.endField("boot_time", 19)
+ }
+
+ consumer.endMessage()
+ }
+ }
+
+ private companion object {
+ /**
+ * The schema of the host data.
+ */
+ val SCHEMA: MessageType = Types
+ .buildMessage()
+ .addFields(
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .`as`(LogicalTypeAnnotation.timestampType(true, LogicalTypeAnnotation.TimeUnit.MILLIS))
+ .named("timestamp"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.BINARY)
+ .`as`(LogicalTypeAnnotation.stringType())
+ .named("host_id"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT32)
+ .named("cpu_count"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .named("mem_capacity"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT32)
+ .named("guests_terminated"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT32)
+ .named("guests_running"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT32)
+ .named("guests_error"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT32)
+ .named("guests_invalid"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.DOUBLE)
+ .named("cpu_limit"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.DOUBLE)
+ .named("cpu_usage"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.DOUBLE)
+ .named("cpu_demand"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.DOUBLE)
+ .named("cpu_utilization"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .named("cpu_time_active"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .named("cpu_time_idle"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .named("cpu_time_steal"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .named("cpu_time_lost"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.DOUBLE)
+ .named("power_total"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .named("uptime"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .named("downtime"),
+ Types
+ .optional(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .`as`(LogicalTypeAnnotation.timestampType(true, LogicalTypeAnnotation.TimeUnit.MILLIS))
+ .named("boot_time")
+ )
+ .named("host")
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetServerDataWriter.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetServerDataWriter.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6645028e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetServerDataWriter.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.telemetry.export.parquet
+
+import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration
+import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.ParquetWriter
+import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.api.WriteSupport
+import org.apache.parquet.io.api.Binary
+import org.apache.parquet.io.api.RecordConsumer
+import org.apache.parquet.schema.LogicalTypeAnnotation
+import org.apache.parquet.schema.MessageType
+import org.apache.parquet.schema.PrimitiveType
+import org.apache.parquet.schema.Types
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table.ServerTableReader
+import org.opendc.trace.util.parquet.LocalParquetWriter
+import java.io.File
+
+/**
+ * A Parquet event writer for [ServerTableReader]s.
+ */
+public class ParquetServerDataWriter(path: File, bufferSize: Int) :
+ ParquetDataWriter<ServerTableReader>(path, ServerDataWriteSupport(), bufferSize) {
+
+ override fun buildWriter(builder: LocalParquetWriter.Builder<ServerTableReader>): ParquetWriter<ServerTableReader> {
+ return builder
+ .withDictionaryEncoding("server_id", true)
+ .withDictionaryEncoding("host_id", true)
+ .build()
+ }
+
+ override fun toString(): String = "server-writer"
+
+ /**
+ * A [WriteSupport] implementation for a [ServerTableReader].
+ */
+ private class ServerDataWriteSupport : WriteSupport<ServerTableReader>() {
+ lateinit var recordConsumer: RecordConsumer
+
+ override fun init(configuration: Configuration): WriteContext {
+ return WriteContext(SCHEMA, emptyMap())
+ }
+
+ override fun prepareForWrite(recordConsumer: RecordConsumer) {
+ this.recordConsumer = recordConsumer
+ }
+
+ override fun write(record: ServerTableReader) {
+ write(recordConsumer, record)
+ }
+
+ private fun write(consumer: RecordConsumer, data: ServerTableReader) {
+ consumer.startMessage()
+
+ consumer.startField("timestamp", 0)
+ consumer.addLong(data.timestamp.toEpochMilli())
+ consumer.endField("timestamp", 0)
+
+ consumer.startField("server_id", 1)
+ consumer.addBinary(Binary.fromString(data.server.id))
+ consumer.endField("server_id", 1)
+
+ consumer.startField("server_name", 2)
+ consumer.addBinary(Binary.fromString(data.server.name))
+ consumer.endField("server_name", 2)
+
+ val hostId = data.host?.id
+ if (hostId != null) {
+ consumer.startField("host_id", 3)
+ consumer.addBinary(Binary.fromString(hostId))
+ consumer.endField("host_id", 3)
+ }
+
+ consumer.startField("mem_capacity", 4)
+ consumer.addLong(data.server.memCapacity)
+ consumer.endField("mem_capacity", 4)
+
+ consumer.startField("cpu_count", 5)
+ consumer.addInteger(data.server.cpuCount)
+ consumer.endField("cpu_count", 5)
+
+ consumer.startField("cpu_limit", 6)
+ consumer.addDouble(data.cpuLimit)
+ consumer.endField("cpu_limit", 6)
+
+ consumer.startField("cpu_time_active", 7)
+ consumer.addLong(data.cpuActiveTime)
+ consumer.endField("cpu_time_active", 7)
+
+ consumer.startField("cpu_time_idle", 8)
+ consumer.addLong(data.cpuIdleTime)
+ consumer.endField("cpu_time_idle", 8)
+
+ consumer.startField("cpu_time_steal", 9)
+ consumer.addLong(data.cpuStealTime)
+ consumer.endField("cpu_time_steal", 9)
+
+ consumer.startField("cpu_time_lost", 10)
+ consumer.addLong(data.cpuLostTime)
+ consumer.endField("cpu_time_lost", 10)
+
+ consumer.startField("uptime", 11)
+ consumer.addLong(data.uptime)
+ consumer.endField("uptime", 11)
+
+ consumer.startField("downtime", 12)
+ consumer.addLong(data.downtime)
+ consumer.endField("downtime", 12)
+
+ val provisionTime = data.provisionTime
+ if (provisionTime != null) {
+ consumer.startField("provision_time", 13)
+ consumer.addLong(provisionTime.toEpochMilli())
+ consumer.endField("provision_time", 13)
+ }
+
+ val bootTime = data.bootTime
+ if (bootTime != null) {
+ consumer.startField("boot_time", 14)
+ consumer.addLong(bootTime.toEpochMilli())
+ consumer.endField("boot_time", 14)
+ }
+
+ consumer.endMessage()
+ }
+ }
+
+ private companion object {
+ /**
+ * The schema of the server data.
+ */
+ val SCHEMA: MessageType = Types.buildMessage()
+ .addFields(
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .`as`(LogicalTypeAnnotation.timestampType(true, LogicalTypeAnnotation.TimeUnit.MILLIS))
+ .named("timestamp"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.BINARY)
+ .`as`(LogicalTypeAnnotation.stringType())
+ .named("server_id"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.BINARY)
+ .`as`(LogicalTypeAnnotation.stringType())
+ .named("server_name"),
+ Types
+ .optional(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.BINARY)
+ .`as`(LogicalTypeAnnotation.stringType())
+ .named("host_id"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .named("mem_capacity"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT32)
+ .named("cpu_count"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.DOUBLE)
+ .named("cpu_limit"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .named("cpu_time_active"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .named("cpu_time_idle"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .named("cpu_time_steal"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .named("cpu_time_lost"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .named("uptime"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .named("downtime"),
+ Types
+ .optional(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .`as`(LogicalTypeAnnotation.timestampType(true, LogicalTypeAnnotation.TimeUnit.MILLIS))
+ .named("provision_time"),
+ Types
+ .optional(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .`as`(LogicalTypeAnnotation.timestampType(true, LogicalTypeAnnotation.TimeUnit.MILLIS))
+ .named("boot_time")
+
+ )
+ .named("server")
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetServiceDataWriter.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetServiceDataWriter.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6908a018
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/ParquetServiceDataWriter.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.telemetry.export.parquet
+
+import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration
+import org.apache.parquet.hadoop.api.WriteSupport
+import org.apache.parquet.io.api.RecordConsumer
+import org.apache.parquet.schema.LogicalTypeAnnotation
+import org.apache.parquet.schema.MessageType
+import org.apache.parquet.schema.PrimitiveType
+import org.apache.parquet.schema.Types
+import org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table.ServiceTableReader
+import java.io.File
+
+/**
+ * A Parquet event writer for [ServiceTableReader]s.
+ */
+public class ParquetServiceDataWriter(path: File, bufferSize: Int) :
+ ParquetDataWriter<ServiceTableReader>(path, ServiceDataWriteSupport(), bufferSize) {
+
+ override fun toString(): String = "service-writer"
+
+ /**
+ * A [WriteSupport] implementation for a [ServiceTableReader].
+ */
+ private class ServiceDataWriteSupport : WriteSupport<ServiceTableReader>() {
+ lateinit var recordConsumer: RecordConsumer
+
+ override fun init(configuration: Configuration): WriteContext {
+ return WriteContext(SCHEMA, emptyMap())
+ }
+
+ override fun prepareForWrite(recordConsumer: RecordConsumer) {
+ this.recordConsumer = recordConsumer
+ }
+
+ override fun write(record: ServiceTableReader) {
+ write(recordConsumer, record)
+ }
+
+ private fun write(consumer: RecordConsumer, data: ServiceTableReader) {
+ consumer.startMessage()
+
+ consumer.startField("timestamp", 0)
+ consumer.addLong(data.timestamp.toEpochMilli())
+ consumer.endField("timestamp", 0)
+
+ consumer.startField("hosts_up", 1)
+ consumer.addInteger(data.hostsUp)
+ consumer.endField("hosts_up", 1)
+
+ consumer.startField("hosts_down", 2)
+ consumer.addInteger(data.hostsDown)
+ consumer.endField("hosts_down", 2)
+
+ consumer.startField("servers_pending", 3)
+ consumer.addInteger(data.serversPending)
+ consumer.endField("servers_pending", 3)
+
+ consumer.startField("servers_active", 4)
+ consumer.addInteger(data.serversActive)
+ consumer.endField("servers_active", 4)
+
+ consumer.startField("attempts_success", 5)
+ consumer.addInteger(data.attemptsSuccess)
+ consumer.endField("attempts_pending", 5)
+
+ consumer.startField("attempts_failure", 6)
+ consumer.addInteger(data.attemptsFailure)
+ consumer.endField("attempts_failure", 6)
+
+ consumer.startField("attempts_error", 7)
+ consumer.addInteger(data.attemptsError)
+ consumer.endField("attempts_error", 7)
+
+ consumer.endMessage()
+ }
+ }
+
+ private companion object {
+ private val SCHEMA: MessageType = Types.buildMessage()
+ .addFields(
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT64)
+ .`as`(LogicalTypeAnnotation.timestampType(true, LogicalTypeAnnotation.TimeUnit.MILLIS))
+ .named("timestamp"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT32)
+ .named("hosts_up"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT32)
+ .named("hosts_down"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT32)
+ .named("servers_pending"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT32)
+ .named("servers_active"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT32)
+ .named("attempts_success"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT32)
+ .named("attempts_failure"),
+ Types
+ .required(PrimitiveType.PrimitiveTypeName.INT32)
+ .named("attempts_error")
+ )
+ .named("service")
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/Utils.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/Utils.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a2e82df1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/export/parquet/Utils.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2022 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.telemetry.export.parquet
+
+import org.apache.parquet.io.api.Binary
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer
+import java.util.UUID
+
+/**
+ * Helper method to convert a [UUID] into a [Binary] object consumed by Parquet.
+ */
+internal fun UUID.toBinary(): Binary {
+ val bb = ByteBuffer.allocate(16)
+ bb.putLong(mostSignificantBits)
+ bb.putLong(leastSignificantBits)
+ bb.rewind()
+ return Binary.fromConstantByteBuffer(bb)
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/HostInfo.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/HostInfo.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..58b7853d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/HostInfo.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table
+
+/**
+ * Information about a host exposed to the telemetry service.
+ */
+public data class HostInfo(val id: String, val name: String, val arch: String, val cpuCount: Int, val memCapacity: Long)
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/HostTableReader.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/HostTableReader.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3761b4b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/HostTableReader.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table
+
+import java.time.Instant
+
+/**
+ * An interface that is used to read a row of a host trace entry.
+ */
+public interface HostTableReader {
+
+ public fun copy(): HostTableReader
+
+ public fun setValues(table: HostTableReader)
+
+ /**
+ * The [HostInfo] of the host to which the row belongs to.
+ */
+ public val host: HostInfo
+
+ /**
+ * The timestamp of the current entry of the reader.
+ */
+ public val timestamp: Instant
+
+ /**
+ * The number of guests that are in a terminated state.
+ */
+ public val guestsTerminated: Int
+
+ /**
+ * The number of guests that are in a running state.
+ */
+ public val guestsRunning: Int
+
+ /**
+ * The number of guests that are in an error state.
+ */
+ public val guestsError: Int
+
+ /**
+ * The number of guests that are in an unknown state.
+ */
+ public val guestsInvalid: Int
+
+ /**
+ * The capacity of the CPUs in the host (in MHz).
+ */
+ public val cpuLimit: Double
+
+ /**
+ * The usage of all CPUs in the host (in MHz).
+ */
+ public val cpuUsage: Double
+
+ /**
+ * The demand of all vCPUs of the guests (in MHz)
+ */
+ public val cpuDemand: Double
+
+ /**
+ * The CPU utilization of the host.
+ */
+ public val cpuUtilization: Double
+
+ /**
+ * The duration (in seconds) that a CPU was active in the host.
+ */
+ public val cpuActiveTime: Long
+
+ /**
+ * The duration (in seconds) that a CPU was idle in the host.
+ */
+ public val cpuIdleTime: Long
+
+ /**
+ * The duration (in seconds) that a vCPU wanted to run, but no capacity was available.
+ */
+ public val cpuStealTime: Long
+
+ /**
+ * The duration (in seconds) of CPU time that was lost due to interference.
+ */
+ public val cpuLostTime: Long
+
+ /**
+ * The current power usage of the host in W.
+ */
+ public val powerUsage: Double
+
+ /**
+ * The total power consumption of the host since last time in J.
+ */
+ public val powerTotal: Double
+
+ /**
+ * The uptime of the host since last time in ms.
+ */
+ public val uptime: Long
+
+ /**
+ * The downtime of the host since last time in ms.
+ */
+ public val downtime: Long
+
+ /**
+ * The [Instant] at which the host booted.
+ */
+ public val bootTime: Instant?
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/ServerInfo.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/ServerInfo.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..96c5bb13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/ServerInfo.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table
+
+/**
+ * Static information about a server exposed to the telemetry service.
+ */
+public data class ServerInfo(
+ val id: String,
+ val name: String,
+ val type: String,
+ val arch: String,
+ val imageId: String,
+ val imageName: String,
+ val cpuCount: Int,
+ val memCapacity: Long
+)
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/ServerTableReader.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/ServerTableReader.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1d1ecd10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/ServerTableReader.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table
+
+import java.time.Instant
+
+/**
+ * An interface that is used to read a row of a server trace entry.
+ */
+public interface ServerTableReader {
+
+ public fun copy(): ServerTableReader
+
+ public fun setValues(table: ServerTableReader)
+
+ /**
+ * The timestamp of the current entry of the reader.
+ */
+ public val timestamp: Instant
+
+ /**
+ * The [ServerInfo] of the server to which the row belongs to.
+ */
+ public val server: ServerInfo
+
+ /**
+ * The [HostInfo] of the host on which the server is hosted or `null` if it has no host.
+ */
+ public val host: HostInfo?
+
+ /**
+ * The uptime of the host since last time in ms.
+ */
+ public val uptime: Long
+
+ /**
+ * The downtime of the host since last time in ms.
+ */
+ public val downtime: Long
+
+ /**
+ * The [Instant] at which the server was enqueued for the scheduler.
+ */
+ public val provisionTime: Instant?
+
+ /**
+ * The [Instant] at which the server booted.
+ */
+ public val bootTime: Instant?
+
+ /**
+ * The capacity of the CPUs of the servers (in MHz).
+ */
+ public val cpuLimit: Double
+
+ /**
+ * The duration (in seconds) that a CPU was active in the server.
+ */
+ public val cpuActiveTime: Long
+
+ /**
+ * The duration (in seconds) that a CPU was idle in the server.
+ */
+ public val cpuIdleTime: Long
+
+ /**
+ * The duration (in seconds) that a vCPU wanted to run, but no capacity was available.
+ */
+ public val cpuStealTime: Long
+
+ /**
+ * The duration (in seconds) of CPU time that was lost due to interference.
+ */
+ public val cpuLostTime: Long
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/ServiceData.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/ServiceData.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0d8b2abd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/ServiceData.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table
+
+import java.time.Instant
+
+/**
+ * A trace entry for the compute service.
+ */
+public data class ServiceData(
+ val timestamp: Instant,
+ val hostsUp: Int,
+ val hostsDown: Int,
+ val serversTotal: Int,
+ val serversPending: Int,
+ val serversActive: Int,
+ val attemptsSuccess: Int,
+ val attemptsFailure: Int,
+ val attemptsError: Int
+)
+
+/**
+ * Convert a [ServiceTableReader] into a persistent object.
+ */
+public fun ServiceTableReader.toServiceData(): ServiceData {
+ return ServiceData(
+ timestamp,
+ hostsUp,
+ hostsDown,
+ serversTotal,
+ serversPending,
+ serversActive,
+ attemptsSuccess,
+ attemptsFailure,
+ attemptsError
+ )
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/ServiceTableReader.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/ServiceTableReader.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..90b0c6ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/telemetry/table/ServiceTableReader.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.telemetry.table
+
+import java.time.Instant
+
+/**
+ * An interface that is used to read a row of a service trace entry.
+ */
+public interface ServiceTableReader {
+
+ public fun copy(): ServiceTableReader
+
+ public fun setValues(table: ServiceTableReader)
+
+ /**
+ * The timestamp of the current entry of the reader.
+ */
+ public val timestamp: Instant
+
+ /**
+ * The number of hosts that are up at this instant.
+ */
+ public val hostsUp: Int
+
+ /**
+ * The number of hosts that are down at this instant.
+ */
+ public val hostsDown: Int
+
+ /**
+ * The number of servers that are registered with the compute service..
+ */
+ public val serversTotal: Int
+
+ /**
+ * The number of servers that are pending to be scheduled.
+ */
+ public val serversPending: Int
+
+ /**
+ * The number of servers that are currently active.
+ */
+ public val serversActive: Int
+
+ /**
+ * The scheduling attempts that were successful.
+ */
+ public val attemptsSuccess: Int
+
+ /**
+ * The scheduling attempts that were unsuccessful due to client error.
+ */
+ public val attemptsFailure: Int
+
+ /**
+ * The scheduling attempts that were unsuccessful due to scheduler error.
+ */
+ public val attemptsError: Int
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0dfb75f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-telemetry/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+ ~ Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ ~
+ ~ Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ ~ of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ ~ in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ ~ to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ ~ copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ ~ furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ ~
+ ~ The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ ~ copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ ~
+ ~ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ ~ IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ ~ FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ ~ AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ ~ LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ ~ OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ ~ SOFTWARE.
+ -->
+
+<Configuration status="WARN" packages="org.apache.logging.log4j.core">
+ <Appenders>
+ <Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
+ <PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%highlight{%-5level}] %logger{36} - %msg%n" disableAnsi="false"/>
+ </Console>
+ </Appenders>
+ <Loggers>
+ <Logger name="org.opendc" level="trace" additivity="false">
+ <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
+ </Logger>
+ <Root level="info">
+ <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
+ </Root>
+ </Loggers>
+</Configuration>
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/build.gradle.kts b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/build.gradle.kts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d4c084c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/build.gradle.kts
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+description = "OpenDC Compute Topology implementation"
+
+/* Build configuration */
+plugins {
+ `kotlin-library-conventions`
+}
+
+dependencies {
+ api(projects.opendcCompute.opendcComputeApi)
+ implementation(projects.opendcCommon)
+ implementation(project(mapOf("path" to ":opendc-simulator:opendc-simulator-compute")))
+
+ implementation(libs.jackson.dataformat.csv)
+ testImplementation(projects.opendcSimulator.opendcSimulatorCore)
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/topology/ClusterSpec.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/topology/ClusterSpec.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e36c4e1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/topology/ClusterSpec.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.topology
+
+/**
+ * Definition of a compute cluster modeled in the simulation.
+ *
+ * @param id A unique identifier representing the compute cluster.
+ * @param name The name of the cluster.
+ * @param cpuCount The total number of CPUs in the cluster.
+ * @param cpuSpeed The speed of a CPU in the cluster in MHz.
+ * @param memCapacity The total memory capacity of the cluster (in MiB).
+ * @param hostCount The number of hosts in the cluster.
+ * @param memCapacityPerHost The memory capacity per host in the cluster (MiB).
+ * @param cpuCountPerHost The number of CPUs per host in the cluster.
+ */
+public data class ClusterSpec(
+ val id: String,
+ val name: String,
+ val cpuCount: Int,
+ val cpuSpeed: Double,
+ val memCapacity: Double,
+ val hostCount: Int,
+ val memCapacityPerHost: Double,
+ val cpuCountPerHost: Int
+)
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/topology/ClusterSpecReader.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/topology/ClusterSpecReader.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a1e9bc3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/topology/ClusterSpecReader.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.topology
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.MappingIterator
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectReader
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvMapper
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.csv.CsvSchema
+import java.io.File
+import java.io.InputStream
+
+/**
+ * A helper class for reading a cluster specification file.
+ */
+public class ClusterSpecReader {
+ /**
+ * The [CsvMapper] to map the environment file to an object.
+ */
+ private val mapper = CsvMapper()
+
+ /**
+ * The [ObjectReader] to convert the lines into objects.
+ */
+ private val reader: ObjectReader = mapper.readerFor(Entry::class.java).with(schema)
+
+ /**
+ * Read the specified [file].
+ */
+ public fun read(file: File): List<ClusterSpec> {
+ return reader.readValues<Entry>(file).use { read(it) }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Read the specified [input].
+ */
+ public fun read(input: InputStream): List<ClusterSpec> {
+ return reader.readValues<Entry>(input).use { read(it) }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Convert the specified [MappingIterator] into a list of [ClusterSpec]s.
+ */
+ private fun read(it: MappingIterator<Entry>): List<ClusterSpec> {
+ val result = mutableListOf<ClusterSpec>()
+
+ for (entry in it) {
+ val def = ClusterSpec(
+ entry.id,
+ entry.name,
+ entry.cpuCount,
+ entry.cpuSpeed * 1000, // Convert to MHz
+ entry.memCapacity * 1000, // Convert to MiB
+ entry.hostCount,
+ entry.memCapacityPerHost * 1000,
+ entry.cpuCountPerHost
+ )
+ result.add(def)
+ }
+
+ return result
+ }
+
+ private open class Entry(
+ @JsonProperty("ClusterID")
+ val id: String,
+ @JsonProperty("ClusterName")
+ val name: String,
+ @JsonProperty("Cores")
+ val cpuCount: Int,
+ @JsonProperty("Speed")
+ val cpuSpeed: Double,
+ @JsonProperty("Memory")
+ val memCapacity: Double,
+ @JsonProperty("numberOfHosts")
+ val hostCount: Int,
+ @JsonProperty("memoryCapacityPerHost")
+ val memCapacityPerHost: Double,
+ @JsonProperty("coreCountPerHost")
+ val cpuCountPerHost: Int
+ )
+
+ public companion object {
+ /**
+ * The [CsvSchema] that is used to parse the trace.
+ */
+ private val schema = CsvSchema.builder()
+ .addColumn("ClusterID", CsvSchema.ColumnType.STRING)
+ .addColumn("ClusterName", CsvSchema.ColumnType.STRING)
+ .addColumn("Cores", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+ .addColumn("Speed", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+ .addColumn("Memory", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+ .addColumn("numberOfHosts", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+ .addColumn("memoryCapacityPerHost", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+ .addColumn("coreCountPerHost", CsvSchema.ColumnType.NUMBER)
+ .setAllowComments(true)
+ .setColumnSeparator(';')
+ .setUseHeader(true)
+ .build()
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/topology/HostSpec.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/topology/HostSpec.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..596121b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/topology/HostSpec.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.topology
+
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.SimPsuFactories
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.SimPsuFactory
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.model.MachineModel
+import org.opendc.simulator.flow2.mux.FlowMultiplexerFactory
+import java.util.UUID
+
+/**
+ * Description of a physical host that will be simulated by OpenDC and host the virtual machines.
+ *
+ * @param uid Unique identifier of the host.
+ * @param name The name of the host.
+ * @param meta The metadata of the host.
+ * @param model The physical model of the machine.
+ * @param psuFactory The [SimPsuFactory] to construct the PSU that models the power consumption of the machine.
+ * @param multiplexerFactory The [FlowMultiplexerFactory] that is used to multiplex the virtual machines over the host.
+ */
+public data class HostSpec(
+ val uid: UUID,
+ val name: String,
+ val meta: Map<String, Any>,
+ val model: MachineModel,
+ val psuFactory: SimPsuFactory = SimPsuFactories.noop(),
+ val multiplexerFactory: FlowMultiplexerFactory = FlowMultiplexerFactory.maxMinMultiplexer()
+)
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/topology/TopologyFactories.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/topology/TopologyFactories.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5f0fe511
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/topology/TopologyFactories.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+@file:JvmName("TopologyFactories")
+
+package org.opendc.compute.topology
+
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.SimPsuFactories
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.model.MachineModel
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.model.MemoryUnit
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.model.ProcessingNode
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.model.ProcessingUnit
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.power.CpuPowerModel
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.power.CpuPowerModels
+import java.io.File
+import java.io.InputStream
+import java.util.SplittableRandom
+import java.util.UUID
+import java.util.random.RandomGenerator
+import kotlin.math.roundToLong
+
+/**
+ * A [ClusterSpecReader] that is used to read the cluster definition file.
+ */
+private val reader = ClusterSpecReader()
+
+/**
+ * Construct a topology from the specified [file].
+ */
+public fun clusterTopology(
+ file: File,
+ powerModel: CpuPowerModel = CpuPowerModels.linear(350.0, 200.0),
+ random: RandomGenerator = SplittableRandom(0)
+): List<HostSpec> {
+ return clusterTopology(reader.read(file), powerModel, random)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Construct a topology from the specified [input].
+ */
+public fun clusterTopology(
+ input: InputStream,
+ powerModel: CpuPowerModel = CpuPowerModels.linear(350.0, 200.0),
+ random: RandomGenerator = SplittableRandom(0)
+): List<HostSpec> {
+ return clusterTopology(reader.read(input), powerModel, random)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Construct a topology from the given list of [clusters].
+ */
+public fun clusterTopology(clusters: List<ClusterSpec>, powerModel: CpuPowerModel, random: RandomGenerator = SplittableRandom(0)): List<HostSpec> {
+ return clusters.flatMap { it.toHostSpecs(random, powerModel) }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Helper method to convert a [ClusterSpec] into a list of [HostSpec]s.
+ */
+private fun ClusterSpec.toHostSpecs(random: RandomGenerator, powerModel: CpuPowerModel): List<HostSpec> {
+ val cpuSpeed = cpuSpeed
+ val memoryPerHost = memCapacityPerHost.roundToLong()
+
+ val unknownProcessingNode = ProcessingNode("unknown", "unknown", "unknown", cpuCountPerHost)
+ val unknownMemoryUnit = MemoryUnit("unknown", "unknown", -1.0, memoryPerHost)
+ val machineModel = MachineModel(
+ List(cpuCountPerHost) { coreId -> ProcessingUnit(unknownProcessingNode, coreId, cpuSpeed) },
+ listOf(unknownMemoryUnit)
+ )
+
+ return List(hostCount) {
+ HostSpec(
+ UUID(random.nextLong(), it.toLong()),
+ "node-$name-$it",
+ mapOf("cluster" to id),
+ machineModel,
+ SimPsuFactories.simple(powerModel)
+ )
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0dfb75f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-topology/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+ ~ Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ ~
+ ~ Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ ~ of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ ~ in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ ~ to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ ~ copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ ~ furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ ~
+ ~ The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ ~ copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ ~
+ ~ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ ~ IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ ~ FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ ~ AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ ~ LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ ~ OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ ~ SOFTWARE.
+ -->
+
+<Configuration status="WARN" packages="org.apache.logging.log4j.core">
+ <Appenders>
+ <Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
+ <PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%highlight{%-5level}] %logger{36} - %msg%n" disableAnsi="false"/>
+ </Console>
+ </Appenders>
+ <Loggers>
+ <Logger name="org.opendc" level="trace" additivity="false">
+ <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
+ </Logger>
+ <Root level="info">
+ <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
+ </Root>
+ </Loggers>
+</Configuration>
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/build.gradle.kts b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/build.gradle.kts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..905f905c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/build.gradle.kts
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+description = "OpenDC Compute Service implementation"
+
+/* Build configuration */
+plugins {
+ `kotlin-library-conventions`
+}
+
+dependencies {
+ api(projects.opendcCompute.opendcComputeApi)
+ implementation(projects.opendcCommon)
+ implementation(project(mapOf("path" to ":opendc-trace:opendc-trace-api")))
+ implementation(project(mapOf("path" to ":opendc-simulator:opendc-simulator-compute")))
+
+ implementation(libs.kotlin.logging)
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkload.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkload.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a802afdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkload.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.workload
+
+import java.util.random.RandomGenerator
+
+/**
+ * An interface that describes how a workload is resolved.
+ */
+public interface ComputeWorkload {
+ /**
+ * Resolve the workload into a list of [VirtualMachine]s to simulate.
+ */
+ public fun resolve(loader: ComputeWorkloadLoader, random: RandomGenerator): List<VirtualMachine>
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkloadLoader.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkloadLoader.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c5fb3e56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkloadLoader.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.workload
+
+import mu.KotlinLogging
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.kernel.interference.VmInterferenceModel
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.workload.SimTrace
+import org.opendc.trace.Trace
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.INTERFERENCE_GROUP_MEMBERS
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.INTERFERENCE_GROUP_SCORE
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.INTERFERENCE_GROUP_TARGET
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.RESOURCE_CPU_CAPACITY
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.RESOURCE_CPU_COUNT
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.RESOURCE_ID
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.RESOURCE_MEM_CAPACITY
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.RESOURCE_START_TIME
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.RESOURCE_STATE_CPU_USAGE
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.RESOURCE_STATE_DURATION
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.RESOURCE_STATE_TIMESTAMP
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.RESOURCE_STOP_TIME
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.TABLE_INTERFERENCE_GROUPS
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.TABLE_RESOURCES
+import org.opendc.trace.conv.TABLE_RESOURCE_STATES
+import java.io.File
+import java.lang.ref.SoftReference
+import java.time.Duration
+import java.time.Instant
+import java.util.UUID
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap
+import kotlin.math.roundToLong
+
+/**
+ * A helper class for loading compute workload traces into memory.
+ *
+ * @param baseDir The directory containing the traces.
+ */
+public class ComputeWorkloadLoader(private val baseDir: File) {
+ /**
+ * The logger for this instance.
+ */
+ private val logger = KotlinLogging.logger {}
+
+ /**
+ * The cache of workloads.
+ */
+ private val cache = ConcurrentHashMap<String, SoftReference<List<VirtualMachine>>>()
+
+ /**
+ * Read the fragments into memory.
+ */
+ private fun parseFragments(trace: Trace): Map<String, Builder> {
+ val reader = checkNotNull(trace.getTable(TABLE_RESOURCE_STATES)).newReader()
+
+ val idCol = reader.resolve(RESOURCE_ID)
+ val timestampCol = reader.resolve(RESOURCE_STATE_TIMESTAMP)
+ val durationCol = reader.resolve(RESOURCE_STATE_DURATION)
+ val coresCol = reader.resolve(RESOURCE_CPU_COUNT)
+ val usageCol = reader.resolve(RESOURCE_STATE_CPU_USAGE)
+
+ val fragments = mutableMapOf<String, Builder>()
+
+ return try {
+ while (reader.nextRow()) {
+ val id = reader.getString(idCol)!!
+ val time = reader.getInstant(timestampCol)!!
+ val durationMs = reader.getDuration(durationCol)!!
+ val cores = reader.getInt(coresCol)
+ val cpuUsage = reader.getDouble(usageCol)
+
+ val builder = fragments.computeIfAbsent(id) { Builder() }
+ builder.add(time, durationMs, cpuUsage, cores)
+ }
+
+ fragments
+ } finally {
+ reader.close()
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Read the metadata into a workload.
+ */
+ private fun parseMeta(trace: Trace, fragments: Map<String, Builder>, interferenceModel: VmInterferenceModel): List<VirtualMachine> {
+ val reader = checkNotNull(trace.getTable(TABLE_RESOURCES)).newReader()
+
+ val idCol = reader.resolve(RESOURCE_ID)
+ val startTimeCol = reader.resolve(RESOURCE_START_TIME)
+ val stopTimeCol = reader.resolve(RESOURCE_STOP_TIME)
+ val cpuCountCol = reader.resolve(RESOURCE_CPU_COUNT)
+ val cpuCapacityCol = reader.resolve(RESOURCE_CPU_CAPACITY)
+ val memCol = reader.resolve(RESOURCE_MEM_CAPACITY)
+
+ var counter = 0
+ val entries = mutableListOf<VirtualMachine>()
+
+ return try {
+ while (reader.nextRow()) {
+ val id = reader.getString(idCol)!!
+ if (!fragments.containsKey(id)) {
+ continue
+ }
+
+ val submissionTime = reader.getInstant(startTimeCol)!!
+ val endTime = reader.getInstant(stopTimeCol)!!
+ val cpuCount = reader.getInt(cpuCountCol)
+ val cpuCapacity = reader.getDouble(cpuCapacityCol)
+ val memCapacity = reader.getDouble(memCol) / 1000.0 // Convert from KB to MB
+ val uid = UUID.nameUUIDFromBytes("$id-${counter++}".toByteArray())
+
+ val builder = fragments.getValue(id)
+ val totalLoad = builder.totalLoad
+
+ entries.add(
+ VirtualMachine(
+ uid,
+ id,
+ cpuCount,
+ cpuCapacity,
+ memCapacity.roundToLong(),
+ totalLoad,
+ submissionTime,
+ endTime,
+ builder.build(),
+ interferenceModel.getProfile(id)
+ )
+ )
+ }
+
+ // Make sure the virtual machines are ordered by start time
+ entries.sortBy { it.startTime }
+
+ entries
+ } catch (e: Exception) {
+ e.printStackTrace()
+ throw e
+ } finally {
+ reader.close()
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Read the interference model associated with the specified [trace].
+ */
+ private fun parseInterferenceModel(trace: Trace): VmInterferenceModel {
+ val reader = checkNotNull(trace.getTable(TABLE_INTERFERENCE_GROUPS)).newReader()
+
+ return try {
+ val membersCol = reader.resolve(INTERFERENCE_GROUP_MEMBERS)
+ val targetCol = reader.resolve(INTERFERENCE_GROUP_TARGET)
+ val scoreCol = reader.resolve(INTERFERENCE_GROUP_SCORE)
+
+ val modelBuilder = VmInterferenceModel.builder()
+
+ while (reader.nextRow()) {
+ val members = reader.getSet(membersCol, String::class.java)!!
+ val target = reader.getDouble(targetCol)
+ val score = reader.getDouble(scoreCol)
+
+ modelBuilder
+ .addGroup(members, target, score)
+ }
+
+ modelBuilder.build()
+ } finally {
+ reader.close()
+ }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Load the trace with the specified [name] and [format].
+ */
+ public fun get(name: String, format: String): List<VirtualMachine> {
+ val ref = cache.compute(name) { key, oldVal ->
+ val inst = oldVal?.get()
+ if (inst == null) {
+ val path = baseDir.resolve(key)
+
+ logger.info { "Loading trace $key at $path" }
+
+ val trace = Trace.open(path, format)
+ val fragments = parseFragments(trace)
+ val interferenceModel = parseInterferenceModel(trace)
+ val vms = parseMeta(trace, fragments, interferenceModel)
+
+ SoftReference(vms)
+ } else {
+ oldVal
+ }
+ }
+
+ return checkNotNull(ref?.get()) { "Memory pressure" }
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Clear the workload cache.
+ */
+ public fun reset() {
+ cache.clear()
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * A builder for a VM trace.
+ */
+ private class Builder {
+ /**
+ * The total load of the trace.
+ */
+ @JvmField var totalLoad: Double = 0.0
+
+ /**
+ * The internal builder for the trace.
+ */
+ private val builder = SimTrace.builder()
+
+ /**
+ * The deadline of the previous fragment.
+ */
+ private var previousDeadline = Long.MIN_VALUE
+
+ /**
+ * Add a fragment to the trace.
+ *
+ * @param timestamp Timestamp at which the fragment starts (in epoch millis).
+ * @param deadline Timestamp at which the fragment ends (in epoch millis).
+ * @param usage CPU usage of this fragment.
+ * @param cores Number of cores used.
+ */
+ fun add(deadline: Instant, duration: Duration, usage: Double, cores: Int) {
+ val startTimeMs = (deadline - duration).toEpochMilli()
+ totalLoad += (usage * duration.toMillis()) / 1000.0 // avg MHz * duration = MFLOPs
+
+ if ((startTimeMs != previousDeadline) && (previousDeadline != Long.MIN_VALUE)) {
+ // There is a gap between the previous and current fragment; fill the gap
+ builder.add(startTimeMs, 0.0, cores)
+ }
+
+ builder.add(deadline.toEpochMilli(), usage, cores)
+ previousDeadline = deadline.toEpochMilli()
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Build the trace.
+ */
+ fun build(): SimTrace = builder.build()
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkloads.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkloads.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..61a6e3a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/ComputeWorkloads.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+@file:JvmName("ComputeWorkloads")
+
+package org.opendc.compute.workload
+
+import org.opendc.compute.workload.internal.CompositeComputeWorkload
+import org.opendc.compute.workload.internal.HpcSampledComputeWorkload
+import org.opendc.compute.workload.internal.LoadSampledComputeWorkload
+import org.opendc.compute.workload.internal.TraceComputeWorkload
+
+/**
+ * Construct a workload from a trace.
+ */
+public fun trace(name: String, format: String = "opendc-vm"): ComputeWorkload = TraceComputeWorkload(name, format)
+
+/**
+ * Construct a composite workload with the specified fractions.
+ */
+public fun composite(vararg pairs: Pair<ComputeWorkload, Double>): ComputeWorkload {
+ return CompositeComputeWorkload(pairs.toMap())
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sample a workload by a [fraction] of the total load.
+ */
+public fun ComputeWorkload.sampleByLoad(fraction: Double): ComputeWorkload {
+ return LoadSampledComputeWorkload(this, fraction)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sample a workload by a [fraction] of the HPC VMs (count)
+ */
+public fun ComputeWorkload.sampleByHpc(fraction: Double): ComputeWorkload {
+ return HpcSampledComputeWorkload(this, fraction)
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sample a workload by a [fraction] of the HPC load
+ */
+public fun ComputeWorkload.sampleByHpcLoad(fraction: Double): ComputeWorkload {
+ return HpcSampledComputeWorkload(this, fraction, sampleLoad = true)
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/VirtualMachine.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/VirtualMachine.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..622b3c55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/VirtualMachine.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.workload
+
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.kernel.interference.VmInterferenceProfile
+import org.opendc.simulator.compute.workload.SimTrace
+import java.time.Instant
+import java.util.UUID
+
+/**
+ * A virtual machine workload.
+ *
+ * @param uid The unique identifier of the virtual machine.
+ * @param name The name of the virtual machine.
+ * @param cpuCapacity The required CPU capacity for the VM in MHz.
+ * @param cpuCount The number of vCPUs in the VM.
+ * @param memCapacity The provisioned memory for the VM in MB.
+ * @param startTime The start time of the VM.
+ * @param stopTime The stop time of the VM.
+ * @param trace The trace that belong to this VM.
+ * @param interferenceProfile The interference profile of this virtual machine.
+ */
+public data class VirtualMachine(
+ val uid: UUID,
+ val name: String,
+ val cpuCount: Int,
+ val cpuCapacity: Double,
+ val memCapacity: Long,
+ val totalLoad: Double,
+ val startTime: Instant,
+ val stopTime: Instant,
+ val trace: SimTrace,
+ val interferenceProfile: VmInterferenceProfile?
+)
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/CompositeComputeWorkload.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/CompositeComputeWorkload.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1ac5f4ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/CompositeComputeWorkload.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.workload.internal
+
+import mu.KotlinLogging
+import org.opendc.compute.workload.ComputeWorkload
+import org.opendc.compute.workload.ComputeWorkloadLoader
+import org.opendc.compute.workload.VirtualMachine
+import java.util.random.RandomGenerator
+
+/**
+ * A [ComputeWorkload] that samples multiple workloads based on the total load of all workloads.
+ */
+internal class CompositeComputeWorkload(val sources: Map<ComputeWorkload, Double>) : ComputeWorkload {
+ /**
+ * The logging instance of this class.
+ */
+ private val logger = KotlinLogging.logger {}
+
+ override fun resolve(loader: ComputeWorkloadLoader, random: RandomGenerator): List<VirtualMachine> {
+ val traces = sources.map { (source, fraction) -> fraction to source.resolve(loader, random) }
+
+ val totalLoad = traces.sumOf { (_, vms) -> vms.sumOf { it.totalLoad } }
+
+ val res = mutableListOf<VirtualMachine>()
+
+ for ((fraction, vms) in traces) {
+ var currentLoad = 0.0
+
+ for (entry in vms) {
+ val entryLoad = entry.totalLoad
+ if ((currentLoad + entryLoad) / totalLoad > fraction) {
+ break
+ }
+
+ currentLoad += entryLoad
+ res += entry
+ }
+ }
+
+ val vmCount = traces.sumOf { (_, vms) -> vms.size }
+ logger.info { "Sampled $vmCount VMs into subset of ${res.size} VMs" }
+
+ return res
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/HpcSampledComputeWorkload.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/HpcSampledComputeWorkload.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fdb599c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/HpcSampledComputeWorkload.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.workload.internal
+
+import mu.KotlinLogging
+import org.opendc.compute.workload.ComputeWorkload
+import org.opendc.compute.workload.ComputeWorkloadLoader
+import org.opendc.compute.workload.VirtualMachine
+import java.util.UUID
+import java.util.random.RandomGenerator
+
+/**
+ * A [ComputeWorkload] that samples HPC VMs in the workload.
+ *
+ * @param fraction The fraction of load/virtual machines to sample
+ * @param sampleLoad A flag to indicate that the sampling should be based on the total load or on the number of VMs.
+ */
+internal class HpcSampledComputeWorkload(val source: ComputeWorkload, val fraction: Double, val sampleLoad: Boolean = false) : ComputeWorkload {
+ /**
+ * The logging instance of this class.
+ */
+ private val logger = KotlinLogging.logger {}
+
+ /**
+ * The pattern to match compute nodes in the workload.
+ */
+ private val pattern = Regex("^(ComputeNode|cn).*")
+
+ override fun resolve(loader: ComputeWorkloadLoader, random: RandomGenerator): List<VirtualMachine> {
+ val vms = source.resolve(loader, random)
+
+ val (hpc, nonHpc) = vms.partition { entry ->
+ val name = entry.name
+ name.matches(pattern)
+ }
+
+ val hpcSequence = generateSequence(0) { it + 1 }
+ .map { index ->
+ val res = mutableListOf<VirtualMachine>()
+ hpc.mapTo(res) { sample(it, index) }
+ res
+ }
+ .flatten()
+
+ val nonHpcSequence = generateSequence(0) { it + 1 }
+ .map { index ->
+ val res = mutableListOf<VirtualMachine>()
+ nonHpc.mapTo(res) { sample(it, index) }
+ res
+ }
+ .flatten()
+
+ logger.debug { "Found ${hpc.size} HPC workloads and ${nonHpc.size} non-HPC workloads" }
+
+ val totalLoad = vms.sumOf { it.totalLoad }
+
+ logger.debug { "Total trace load: $totalLoad" }
+ var hpcCount = 0
+ var hpcLoad = 0.0
+ var nonHpcCount = 0
+ var nonHpcLoad = 0.0
+
+ val res = mutableListOf<VirtualMachine>()
+
+ if (sampleLoad) {
+ var currentLoad = 0.0
+ for (entry in hpcSequence) {
+ val entryLoad = entry.totalLoad
+ if ((currentLoad + entryLoad) / totalLoad > fraction) {
+ break
+ }
+
+ hpcLoad += entryLoad
+ hpcCount += 1
+ currentLoad += entryLoad
+ res += entry
+ }
+
+ for (entry in nonHpcSequence) {
+ val entryLoad = entry.totalLoad
+ if ((currentLoad + entryLoad) / totalLoad > 1) {
+ break
+ }
+
+ nonHpcLoad += entryLoad
+ nonHpcCount += 1
+ currentLoad += entryLoad
+ res += entry
+ }
+ } else {
+ hpcSequence
+ .take((fraction * vms.size).toInt())
+ .forEach { entry ->
+ hpcLoad += entry.totalLoad
+ hpcCount += 1
+ res.add(entry)
+ }
+
+ nonHpcSequence
+ .take(((1 - fraction) * vms.size).toInt())
+ .forEach { entry ->
+ nonHpcLoad += entry.totalLoad
+ nonHpcCount += 1
+ res.add(entry)
+ }
+ }
+
+ logger.debug { "HPC $hpcCount (load $hpcLoad) and non-HPC $nonHpcCount (load $nonHpcLoad)" }
+ logger.debug { "Total sampled load: ${hpcLoad + nonHpcLoad}" }
+ logger.info { "Sampled ${vms.size} VMs (fraction $fraction) into subset of ${res.size} VMs" }
+
+ return res
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Sample a random trace entry.
+ */
+ private fun sample(entry: VirtualMachine, i: Int): VirtualMachine {
+ val uid = UUID.nameUUIDFromBytes("${entry.uid}-$i".toByteArray())
+ return entry.copy(uid = uid)
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/LoadSampledComputeWorkload.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/LoadSampledComputeWorkload.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6014f37a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/LoadSampledComputeWorkload.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.workload.internal
+
+import mu.KotlinLogging
+import org.opendc.compute.workload.ComputeWorkload
+import org.opendc.compute.workload.ComputeWorkloadLoader
+import org.opendc.compute.workload.VirtualMachine
+import java.util.random.RandomGenerator
+
+/**
+ * A [ComputeWorkload] that is sampled based on total load.
+ */
+internal class LoadSampledComputeWorkload(val source: ComputeWorkload, val fraction: Double) : ComputeWorkload {
+ /**
+ * The logging instance of this class.
+ */
+ private val logger = KotlinLogging.logger {}
+
+ override fun resolve(loader: ComputeWorkloadLoader, random: RandomGenerator): List<VirtualMachine> {
+ val vms = source.resolve(loader, random)
+ val res = mutableListOf<VirtualMachine>()
+
+ val totalLoad = vms.sumOf { it.totalLoad }
+ var currentLoad = 0.0
+
+ for (entry in vms) {
+ val entryLoad = entry.totalLoad
+ if ((currentLoad + entryLoad) / totalLoad > fraction) {
+ break
+ }
+
+ currentLoad += entryLoad
+ res += entry
+ }
+
+ logger.info { "Sampled ${vms.size} VMs (fraction $fraction) into subset of ${res.size} VMs" }
+
+ return res
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/TraceComputeWorkload.kt b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/TraceComputeWorkload.kt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ff88fa3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/main/kotlin/org/opendc/compute/workload/internal/TraceComputeWorkload.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+package org.opendc.compute.workload.internal
+
+import org.opendc.compute.workload.ComputeWorkload
+import org.opendc.compute.workload.ComputeWorkloadLoader
+import org.opendc.compute.workload.VirtualMachine
+import java.util.random.RandomGenerator
+
+/**
+ * A [ComputeWorkload] from a trace.
+ */
+internal class TraceComputeWorkload(val name: String, val format: String) : ComputeWorkload {
+ override fun resolve(loader: ComputeWorkloadLoader, random: RandomGenerator): List<VirtualMachine> {
+ return loader.get(name, format)
+ }
+}
diff --git a/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0dfb75f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/opendc-compute/opendc-compute-workload/src/test/resources/log4j2.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+ ~ Copyright (c) 2021 AtLarge Research
+ ~
+ ~ Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ ~ of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ ~ in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ ~ to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ ~ copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ ~ furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ ~
+ ~ The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ ~ copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ ~
+ ~ THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ ~ IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ ~ FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ ~ AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ ~ LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ ~ OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ ~ SOFTWARE.
+ -->
+
+<Configuration status="WARN" packages="org.apache.logging.log4j.core">
+ <Appenders>
+ <Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
+ <PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%highlight{%-5level}] %logger{36} - %msg%n" disableAnsi="false"/>
+ </Console>
+ </Appenders>
+ <Loggers>
+ <Logger name="org.opendc" level="trace" additivity="false">
+ <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
+ </Logger>
+ <Root level="info">
+ <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
+ </Root>
+ </Loggers>
+</Configuration>